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Novel therapies for the treatment of malaria Each year an estimated 300 to 500 million clinical cases of malaria occur, making it one of the most common infectious diseases worldwide. Malaria can cause high morbidity and mortality and indeed it is the cause of 1.5 to 2.0 million deaths/year. The economic burden of malaria is high, costing African healthcare systems as much as $0.5 billion each year. 29% of malaria-related deaths occur in areas where malaria was once transmitted at low levels or not at all, but where significant transmission has been (re-) established. The cause of this problem is the development of drug resistant strains of malaria and consequently a number of companies have focused on the development of novel anti-malarials. In fact of the 40 or so molecules in development or on the market, over 75% are in preclinical or early stage clinical development. French research have developed one such molecule, G25 based on the observation that asexual development of malaria within erythrocytes is related to the synthesis of considerable amounts of membrane. G25 inhibits phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis de novo from choline and is a potent antimalarial drug. G25, potently inhibited in vitro growth of the human malaria parasites Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax and was 1000-fold less toxic to mammalian cell lines. G25 specifically accumulated in infected erythrocytes to levels several hundredfold higher than in the surrounding medium, and very low dose G25 therapy completely cured monkeys infected with P. falciparum and P. cynomolgi. G25 therefore represents a candidate for the treatment of malarial strains resistant to standard drug treatments. Link to journal abstract:
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