Ventricular Tachycardia VT - Biotech, Pharma and Life Science Channel
Ventricular tachycardia is a pulse rate of more than 100 beats per minute, with at least three irregular heartbeats in a row. It is a major cause of sudden cardiac death.
The condition can develop as an early or late complication of a heart attack. It may also occur in patients with Cardiomyopathy, Heart failure, Heart surgery, Myocarditis or Valvular heart disease, but Ventricular tachycardia can occur without heart disease. Ventricular tachycardia can also be caused by Anti-arrhythmic medications, Changes in blood chemistry (such as a low potassium level), Changes in pH (acid-base) or a lack of oxygen.
Ventricular tachycardia may be seen on Continuous ambulatory electrocardiogram (Holter monitor), an ECG, an Intracardiac electrophysiology study (EPS) or a Loop recorder. Blood chemistries and other tests may be done. If ventricular tachycardia becomes an emergency situation, it may require CPR, Electrical defibrillation or cardioversion (electric shock), and Anti-arrhythmic medications (such as lidocaine, procainamide, sotalol, or amiodarone) given through a vein.
Long-term treatment of ventricular tachycardia may require the use of oral anti-arrhythmic medications (such as procainamide, amiodarone, or sotalol). However, anti-arrhythmic medications may have severe side effects. Their use is decreasing in favor of other treatments. Some ventricular tachycardias may be treated with an ablation procedure. Radiofrequency catheter ablation can cure certain tachycardias. A preferred treatment for many chronic (long-term) ventricular tachycardias consists of implanting a device called implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD).
In some cases, the disorder is not preventable. In other cases, it can be prevented by treating heart diseases and correcting blood chemistries.
Source; NIH
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Videos
ECG: Ventricular Tachycardia (VT)
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Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Defibrillators
Cardiac electrical stimulators that apply brief high-voltage electroshocks to the HEART. These stimulators are used to restore normal rhythm and contractile function in hearts of patients who are experiencing VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION or ventricular tachycardia (TACHYCARDIA, VENTRICULAR) that is not accompanied by a palpable PULSE. Some defibrillators may also be used to correct certain noncritical dysrhythmias (called synchronized defibrillation or CARDIOVERSION), using relatively low-level discharges synchronized to the patient's ECG waveform. (UMDNS, 2003)
Andersen Syndrome
A form of inherited long QT syndrome (or LQT7) that is characterized by a triad of potassium-sensitive periodic paralysis, VENTRICULAR ECTOPIC BEATS, and abnormal features such as short stature, low-set ears, and SCOLIOSIS. It results from mutations of KCNJ2 gene which encodes a channel protein (INWARD RECTIFIER POTASSIUM CHANNELS) that regulates resting membrane potential.
Brugada Syndrome
An autosomal dominant defect of cardiac conduction that is characterized by an abnormal ST-segment in leads V1-V3 on the ELECTROCARDIOGRAM resembling a right BUNDLE-BRANCH BLOCK; high risk of VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA; or VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION; SYNCOPAL EPISODE; and possible sudden death. This syndrome is linked to mutations of gene encoding the cardiac SODIUM CHANNEL alpha subunit.
Ventricular Septum
The muscular structure separating the right and the left lower chambers (HEART VENTRICLES) of the heart. The ventricular septum consists of a very small membranous portion just beneath the AORTIC VALVE, and a large thick muscular portion consisting of three sections including the inlet septum, the trabecular septum, and the outlet septum.
Tachycardia, Reciprocating
Abnormally rapid heartbeats caused by reentrant conduction over the accessory pathways between the HEART ATRIA and the HEART VENTRICLES. The impulse can also travel in the reverse direction, as in some cases, atrial impulses travel to the ventricles over the accessory pathways and back to the atria over the BUNDLE OF HIS and the ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE.
