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Below is an extended AR publications listing. Click here to return to the gene page.

Gene Information from Publications

Publication Link Summary of findings
17922225 Androgen receptor gene polymorphism may affect the risk of urothelial carcinoma
18217192 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
18252782 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
18263633 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
18281036 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
18303071 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
18323476 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
18174258 Androgen receptor regulates CD168 expression and signaling in prostate cancer
18070607 ligand-mediated dynamic relationship of nuclear receptors with mitotic chromatin can be effectively exploited to study, analyze and authenticate therapeutic ligands
18192296 The presence of long SHBG(TAAAA)n alleles is associated with increased risk for polycystic ovary syndrome and in combination with short androgen receptor(CAG)n alleles may influence the hyperandrogenic phenotype of PCOS.
18273818 Size of the exon 1-CAG repeats of the AR gene employed as a molecular marker in the diagnosis of Turner syndrome is reported.
18222118 RanBP10 enhances AR transactivation as a homo-oligomer or a hetero-oligomer with RanBPM
17696745 Association of androgen receptor trinucleotide repeats with hormone refractory prostatic cancer patients in a north Indian population.
15091318 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15117901 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15120698 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15136785 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15201804 Observational study of gene-environment interaction and pharmacogenomic / toxicogenomic. (HuGE Navigator)
15229204 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15264247 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15266301 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15310009 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15337466 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15341991 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15358199 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15377647 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15378650 Observational study of genotype prevalence. (HuGE Navigator)
15472213 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15479493 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15533905 Meta-analysis of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15536520 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15570555 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15579779 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15598771 Observational study of gene-disease association and genetic testing. (HuGE Navigator)
15599941 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15609126 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15630701 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15654614 Observational study of gene-disease association and gene-gene interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
15695110 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15704521 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15711606 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15721279 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15757859 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15774258 Observational study of gene-disease association and gene-environment interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
15809670 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15810021 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15817010 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15824176 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15827868 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15835798 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15876692 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15888966 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15890890 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15894683 Observational study of gene-disease association and gene-environment interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
15934454 Observational study of genotype prevalence. (HuGE Navigator)
15950642 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15952987 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15956082 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15963062 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15994977 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
16098017 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
16117826 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
16161040 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
11079451 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
11103816 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
11121205 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
11140838 Observational study of gene-disease association and gene-gene interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
11172827 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
11221880 Observational study of gene-disease association and gene-gene interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
11231320 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
11397855 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
11409695 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
11437399 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
11543741 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
11545293 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
11547131 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
11550169 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
11564035 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
11571725 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
11571732 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
11591412 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
11591424 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
11595700 Observational study of gene-disease association and gene-gene interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
11600555 Observational study of gene-disease association and gene-environment interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
11701709 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
11720249 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
11788641 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
11792931 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
11803263 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
11847524 Observational study of genotype prevalence. (HuGE Navigator)
11861380 Observational study of gene-disease association and gene-environment interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
11894977 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
11894978 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
11935317 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
11940333 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
11956643 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
11967956 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
12031042 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
12036913 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
12042281 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
12085360 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
12101115 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
12111704 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
12146732 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
12189490 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
12202660 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
12220434 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
12370109 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
12376504 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
12385020 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
12390340 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
12394768 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
12399527 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
12404104 Observational study of gene-disease association and gene-gene interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
12532157 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
12542725 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
12568409 Clinical trial of gene-disease association and gene-environment interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
12582022 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
12593895 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
12602902 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
12602915 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
12606125 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
12629350 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
12632109 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
12637980 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
12648179 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
12668243 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
12712467 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
12727953 Observational study of gene-environment interaction and pharmacogenomic / toxicogenomic. (HuGE Navigator)
12755998 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
12767946 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
12802043 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
12843184 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
12879219 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
12925954 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
14504193 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
14511217 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
14517714 Observational study of gene-disease association, gene-environment interaction, and pharmacogenomic / toxicogenomic. (HuGE Navigator)
14573323 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
14585317 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
14641003 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
14652007 Observational study of genotype prevalence. (HuGE Navigator)
14667136 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
14691592 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
14693242 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
14713779 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
14726805 Meta-analysis and HuGE review of genotype prevalence, gene-disease association, genetic testing, and healthcare-related. (HuGE Navigator)
14734264 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
14742287 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
14755454 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
14769635 Meta-analysis and HuGE review of genotype prevalence, gene-disease association, gene-gene interaction, gene-environment interaction, and genetic testing. (HuGE Navigator)
14973115 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
14974917 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15042597 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15044606 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
16172040 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
16172197 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
16187285 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
16195823 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
16244490 Meta-analysis of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
16254899 Observational study of genotype prevalence. (HuGE Navigator)
16273319 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
16317584 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
16365013 Observational study of gene-disease association and gene-environment interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
16365023 Observational study of gene-disease association, gene-gene interaction, and gene-environment interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
16365681 Observational study of genotype prevalence. (HuGE Navigator)
16377095 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
16382684 Observational study of gene-environment interaction and pharmacogenomic / toxicogenomic. (HuGE Navigator)
16400085 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
16425097 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
16425262 Observational study of gene-disease association and gene-environment interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
16433248 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
16437189 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
16515589 Observational study of gene-disease association and gene-gene interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
16569551 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
16705072 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
16759824 Observational study of gene-disease association and gene-environment interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
16791593 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
16793958 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
16809273 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
16813680 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
16859836 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
16865224 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
16868150 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
16918952 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
16920725 Observational study of gene-disease association, gene-environment interaction, and pharmacogenomic / toxicogenomic. (HuGE Navigator)
16957138 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
16969583 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
16987421 Observational study of gene-disease association and gene-environment interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
17010601 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
17034507 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
17108148 Observational study of gene-disease association and gene-gene interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
17116317 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
17187234 Observational study of gene-disease association and gene-environment interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
17230529 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
17244640 Observational study of gene-disease association, gene-gene interaction, and gene-environment interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
17257635 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
17321486 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
17322500 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
17365134 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
17372242 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
17376218 Observational study of genotype prevalence. (HuGE Navigator)
17431729 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
17465263 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
15061984 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
17507624 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
17569297 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
17579205 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
17613104 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
17651405 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
17684052 Meta-analysis of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
17696745 Observational study of gene-environment interaction and pharmacogenomic / toxicogenomic. (HuGE Navigator)
17706202 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
17728127 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
17728669 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
17785571 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
17855696 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
17904846 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
17916185 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
17922225 Observational study of gene-disease association and gene-environment interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
17984247 Clinical trial of gene-environment interaction and pharmacogenomic / toxicogenomic. (HuGE Navigator)
18181049 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
18191848 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
18192296 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
16166332 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
12230620 Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
17376218 Distribution of polymorphisms in SRD5A2 and androgen receptor differed between prostate cancer low-risk population from Greenland and relatively high-risk Swedish male population.
17932034 SUMO-specific protease 1 transcription is induced by the androgen receptor in prostate cancer cells
18084622 In etoposide-treated LNCaP cells, p53 bound the AR promoter, which contains a potential p53 DNA-binding consensus sequence. loss of p53 function in prostate cancer cells contributes to increased expression of AR.
18172316 The work presented here provides the first evidence of synergy between AR and the prolactin signaling protein Stat5a/b in human prostate cancer cells.
18178153 Taken together, our findings indicate that HNF-3alpha is a novel corepressor of AR, and predict its effects on the proliferation of prostate cancer cells.
17698582 These data suggest that cyclin D3/CDK11p58 signaling is involved in the negative regulation of AR function.
17906287 ARs with short Q tracts (12Q), which are transcriptionally more active, induce earlier disease in the transgene-induced TRAMP prostate cancer model than alleles with median (21Q) or long (48Q) tracts.
17728127 Results indicate that longer CAG(n)/GGN(n) combinations increase the risk of Breast Cancer and suggest that CAG and GGN AR polymorphisms should be considered in order to assess the BC risk.
17431729 CAG but not GGC alleles in the AR polymorphism may play an important role in modulating the disease pattern of RA among Taiwanese women.
17653089 Inappropriate activation of androgen receptor by relaxin via beta-catenin pathway.
17940184 This review aims to provide an overview of the AR coregulator proteins identified to date and to propose a classification of these AR coregulator proteins according to the function(s) ascribed to them.
18181049 fewer number of CAG repeats and total repeats (CAG + GGC) in the AR gene may be associated with increased risk for prostate cancer.
17932503 These data suggest that SGK-1 is an androgen-regulated gene that plays a pivotal role in AR-dependent survival and gene expression.
17889867 Show that there is no association between CAG repeat length variation and semen quality.
18007036 The interaction between AR and its corepressor SHP was studied using X-ray crystallography. Similarity of binding sites for coactivator peptides and SHP, suggests that transcriptional AR activity may be inhibited by SHP by competing with AR coactivators.
17538927 In a Chinese family affected with androgen insensitivity syndrome, the familial distinct feature is that all patients shared an identical Arg840Cys substitution in the AR but displayed high phenotypic variation in disorders of male sexual development
17873892 Polygonal and cuboidal cells in pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma exhibited a uniform pattern of monoclonality, indicating that both cell types are highly likely to originate from a common precursor
17968460 Androgen receptor protein is present in a wide variety of human first trimester fetal tissues (thymus, bronchi, spinal cord, and heart) and shows the potential for androgen affecting tissues.
17914092 GnRH II is widely expressed in prostate cancer and is an AR-regulated gene.
17563746 ErbB-2, via PYK2-MAP kinase, upregulates the adhesive ability of androgen receptor human prostate cancer cells.
17187234 provide only minor support for the role of the AR and estrogen receptor 1 gene in the etiology of breast cancer
17855696 data do not support major role for AR polymorphism as breast cancer risk factors
17587566 ligand-dependent AR conformation is essential for the recruitment and nuclear translocation of PMRT2 which acts as AR-coactivator, presumably by arginine methylation.
17522416 L859F mutation resulted in highly significant loss of the ligand binding to the receptor.
17321486 Short [CAG]n repeat length(
17926464 The PCR HUMARA technique adequately assesses reduction of Ph-positive clone in CML patients with CCR and points to polyclonal hemopoiesis.
17728259 Using transient transfection assays in prostate cancer LNCaP and HeLa cells engineered to express the AR, study shows that synthetic androgen R1881 and dihydrotestosterone stimulate expression of a versican promoter-driven luciferase reporter vector.
17721441 Binding sequences for the avian erythroblastosis virus E26 homologue (ETS) transcription factor family were also highly enriched, and we uncovered an interaction between the AR and ETS1 at a subset of AR promoter targets.
17656415 Human sperm express a functional AR that have the ability to modulate the PI3K/AKT pathway, on the basis of androgen concentration
17669147 the number of CAG repeats in the AR gene was negatively correlated with prostate weight
17712477 Expression of saposin C-originated saposin C may upregulate AR gene expression and activate the AR transcriptional function in an androgen-independent manner in prostate cancer cells.
17972531 The aim of this study was to elucidate the prognostic value of the immunohistochemical detection of the androgen receptor status, assessment of neuroendocrine differentiation and the assessment of microvessel density in patients with prostate cancer.
17974989 These data identify novel nongenomic mechanisms involving androgen, AR, and Hsp27 activation that cooperatively interact to regulate the genomic activity of AR.
17975004 These results suggest a novel indirect mechanism of androgen action on FHL2 expression and provide evidence that SRF is an important determinant of AR action in prostate cancer cells.
17671686 STAT 3 and androgen receptor signaling are inactivated in androgen-dependent LNCaP cells after administration of Saw Palmetto
17627815 results suggest that both Runx2 and androgen receptors repress the transactivation function of the other protein by extracting it from its original compartment
16449235 Structural and dynamic abnormalities are associated with amino acid-substituted (proline892alanine and proline892leucine) mutant androgen receptor ligand-binding domains.
17937062 AR defects were found in 66.7% of patients with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome and 13.6% of patients with partial androgen insensitivity syndrome.
17160687 The expression levels of ER subtypes and AR may be important for the regulation of follicular mesenchymal cells in human scalp.
17534890 nonsense mutations that lead to carboxyl-terminal end truncated ARs are found at high frequency in metastatic PCas
17579205 Between-subject variability in serum free testosterone in healthy men is underlain in part by differences in androgen sensitivity and feedback set point, with a contributory role of AR polymorphism.
17635910 Phosphoinositide 3-kinase-independent non-genomic signals transit from the androgen receptor to Akt1 in membrane raft microdomains
17413000 Synthetic progestins, such as medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), which are currently used in hormone replacement therapy may disrupt androgen receptor signaling and contribute to breast cancer developmoent. [REVIEW]
17704139 Wwox suppresses Ap2gamma/ErbB2-induced prostate cancer cell growth, an effect that requires functional androgen receptor.
17487836 in vivo antitumor activity is promoted by combined decrease of NFkappaB and incresased thrombospondin 1
17540719 Finding of anovel cytoplasmic actions for a splicing AR variant, suggesting a contribution in prostate cancer progression.
17541959 Prostate cancer stem cells give rise to transiently amplifying epithelial cells populations with abnormal androgen receptor pathways.
17522055 3,3'-diindolylmethane -induced cell growth inhibition and apoptosis induction are partly mediated through the regulation of Akt/FOXO3a/GSK-3beta/beta-catenin/AR signaling
17553795 Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase enhances transcriptional activity of androgen receptor in prostate cancer cells
17470458 IGF-1 rescue of AR toxicity is diminished by alanine substitutions at the Akt consensus site
17601880 Evidence of functional differences between two most common alleles of the AR GGN repeat, supporting its potential role in the development of human traits.
17611654 The mean percentage of cancer cells expressing AR among the 10 cancer samples was 74%.
17634427 These results imply that c-Jun plays a pivotal role in the pathway that connects ligand-activated AR to elevated ETV1 expression, leading to enhanced expression of matrix metalloproteinases and prostate cancer cell invasion.
12011088 The binding of HuR, CP1, and CP2 to AR mRNA suggests a role for each of these proteins in the post-transcriptional regulation of AR expression in cancer cells.
12124798 Characterization of androgen receptor and nuclear receptor co-regulator expression in human breast cancer cell lines exhibiting differential regulation of kallikreins 2 and 3.
12775722 SWI/SNF function potently regulates core AR target gene promoter activation, with a preference for hBRM-containing complexes.
12788064 Deletion of the polyglutamine repeat positively affected the interactions of the ligand-binding domain with the amino-terminal domain as well as the recruitment of the p160 coactivator SRC-1e to the amino-terminal domain of the AR.
15013685 review elucidates the molecular functions of the androgen receptor and its role in prostate cancer and examines how the mechanism of androgen action has played a role in the translation of new therapies
11779876 The FXXLF motif mediates androgen receptor-specific interactions with coregulators
12050225 An androgen receptor gene mutation (E653K) in a family with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency as well as in partial androgen insensitivity.
15522925 4-androstenedione administration in high doses to hypogonadal men increases testosterone levels, fat free mass, and muscle strength and binds to AR.
15023052 The interaction of the androgen receptor N-terminal activation domain AF1 with the transcription factor TFIIF complex imposes a functional conformation in the AF1 domain, which facilitates the formation of an assembly of proteins with AF1.
16377095 Results show no association between the AR repeat length and violent convicts, although there were more violent-criminal cases than controls with the shorter (<17) AR gene trinucleotide repeat polymorphisms.
16467955 In chimpanzees, frequent haplotypes consisting of short CAG repeats and long GGN repeats or vice versa was observed as in humans
16690616 there is a strong interaction of FXXFF and FXXMF motifs with the AR coactivator binding groove, which mediate specific binding of a subgroup of cofactors to the AR ligand-binding domain
17503469 findings support involvement of both androgen receptor (AR) and estrogen receptor-beta in mediating dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-, dehydrotestosterone-, and estradiol-induced prostate specific antigen (PSA) expression in prostate cancer cells
12083956 significance for endocrine therapy in prostatic cancer (REVIEW)
15541640 differential expression of AR, ERalpha and ERbeta in dermal papilla of hair follicles
12767946 The CAG repeats in exon 1 of the androgen receptor gene are longer in endometrial cancer patients.
14968432 The transactivational activity of AR was shown to be affected by the size of the trinucleotide-repeat-regions (CAG and GGC) within the gene.
15534116 Androgen receptor is targeted to distinct subcellular compartments with treatment by different antiandrogens
17476687 sFRP4 is an inhibitor of prostate cancer growth and invasion in vitro independent of androgen receptor (AR) signaling.
16923962 evidence for an androgen receptor (AR) regulatory pathway controlled by SIRT1; SIRT1 antagonists induce endogenous AR expression and enhance dihydrotestosterone-mediated AR expression
15046097 Mutations in androgen receptor is associated with Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome.
15634333 data suggest an important role of AR45 in modulating AR function and add a novel level of complexity to the mode of action of androgens
16273319 Likelihood of left handedness increased in those individuals with variants of the androgen receptor associated with lower testosterone levels.
16494870 Re-expression of androgen receptor in PC-3 human prostate cancer cell line resulted in upregulation of IFI16 protein, a negative regulator of cell growth.
17075604 Characterization of AR functions in prostate growth and differentiation.
17082327 described transgelin as the first ARA54-associated negative modulator for AR. Transgelin suppressed ARA54-enhanced AR function in ARA54-positive cells and inhibited prostate cancer cell growth.
11804942 poor reproductive performance observed in women with PCOS may be due to the concomitant increase and elevations in endometrial AR
12534937 different populations may show different numbers of CAG repeats
15136785 Candidate gene for benign prostatic hyperplasia.
12591938 identification of an inhibitory domain located in an 81-amino acid segment lying upstream of the DNA-binding domain (DBD) that interacted directly with DBD and repressed DBD binding to the androgen response element
14519624 Promoter methylation of AR occurs in a differentiation stage-selective manner in follicular non-hodgkin's lymphoma.
14999487 the expression of the Kennedy's disease mutation combined with a second allele with a large but normal CAG repeat sequence may have contributed to the motor neuron degeneration displayed in the heterozygote female.
15757859 Although further studies are needed to elucidate the possible role of specific CAG/GGC combinations as a causative factor, these data suggest a possible association between androgen receptor gene polymorphisms and cryptorchidism.
11931767 These results suggest a model for the functional coordination between the promoter and enhancer in which communication between these elements is established through shared coactivators in the AR transcription complex.
16641486 Our crystallographic data combined with those obtained by modeling will be helpful in the design of novel molecules with stronger affinity for the AR.
12015328 major sites of AR phosphorylation
14663470 S-phase fraction was significantly higher in prostate tumors with high AR density
16950754 R831X mutation in exon 7 of the androgen receptor gene associated with Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome.
16987421 Among postmenopausal Caucasian women, common variants of the AR gene are not associated with risk of breast cancer.
17077481 The crystal structure of the complex of LGD2226 with the androgen receptor ligand-binding domain (AR LBD) at 2.1 A was solved and compared with the structure of the AR LBD-R1881 complex.
12923188 androgen can regulate the nuclear export signal and, subsequently, the NLS of the AR, providing a mechanism by which androgen regulates AR nuclear/cytoplasmic shuttling.
15107424 AR transcriptional activity is negatively regulated by CHIP, which promotes AR degradation
15585562 Testosterone-bovine serum albumin was also effective in inducing apoptosis of DU145 human prostate cancer cells, negative for intracellulaar AR, but expressing cell membrane AR sites.
15598662 NCoR is a physiological regulator of the AR; the N-terminal surface of the AR-mediating NCoR recruitment was distinct from tau5 and from the FXXLF motif that mediates agonist-induced N-C-terminal interaction
15654614 Androgen receptor (AR) CAG repeat not associated with migraine susceptibility.
15900601 The common alterations include gain of chromosomes 1, 7 and 8q and loss of 13q are frequently found in prostate cancer and areobserved in hormone-refractory prostate cancer: downregulation, overexpression and mutation.
16627595 FXXLF motifs, but not the corresponding LXXLL motifs, displayed a strong preference for AR LBD.
12573820 Data indicate that growth factors are unable to initiate the nuclear translocation of androgen receptors in the absence of androgens or to induce ligand-independent transcriptional activity.
11981028 androgen receptor has a capacity to activate transcription in a ligand-independent manner
15368471 changes in IGF-IR expression exhibited by this model of metastatic progression cause significant alterations in AR signaling in prostate cancer
16046054 expression of estrogen receptors alpha and beta do not vary significantly with cancer grade, but expression of the androgen receptor is increased in estrogen receptor negative tissue as well as in grade 2 and grade 3 tumours
12569365 interaction with Cdc25B may contribute to prostate cancer development
16210365 The distal enhancer complex and basal transcription apparatus of Fkbp5 gene communicate indirectly with one another, implicating a regulatory mechanism that has not been previously appreciated for androgen receptor target genes.
11751688 The aggregation and localization of the truncated form, with or without an expanded polyglutamine tract, is differentially controlled by Glucocorticoid receptor mutants.
11896058 Conformational analysis of the androgen receptor amino-terminal domain involved in transactivation. Influence of structure-stabilizing solutes and protein-protein interactions
12372281 Full binding of androgen to the polyglutamine-expanded N-terminal domain of the mutant AR leads to structural alteration with nuclear translocation that eventually results in the onset of spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy.
14573323 Androgen receptor CAG repeat polymorphism is associated with cognitive function in older men.
15704521 AR trinucleotide polymorphism is associated with leiomyoma susceptibility
15902657 We demonstrate that genetic variability in the androgen receptor gene (AR) is the cardinal prerequisite for the development of early-onset AGA, with an etiological fraction of 0.46.
16039774 A short GGN-repeat in the Androgen Receptor gene is associated with a higher risk of cancer related death.
17065579 Strong expression of AR was found in peritubular cells (PCs).
17241382 Genetic variation in genes involved in steroid biosynthesis, metabolism and signal transduction is reported in Greek patients with cholelithiasis.
17322500 CAG repeat length in androgen receptor gene modulated the relation between testosterone and body composition in elderly men
11971970 Results suggest that the conserved AR acetylation site contributes to a pathway governing prostate cancer cellular survival, as AR acetylation mutants are defective in MEKK1-induced apoptosis.
12465595 Review. Molecular genetics & structural analysis allow a better understanding of the structure/function relationship of the androgen & its role in androgen insensitivity syndrome, hormone-resistant prostate cancer, Kennedy's disease & male infertility.
14664704 Conserved hydrophobic residues are important for receptor-dependent gene transcription and that M244, L246 and V248 are part of the binding interface for TFIIF.
16373394 structure/function analysis of the ARE709K substitution that is associated with partial androgen insensitivity syndrome
16373395 SMRT and N-CoR corepressors are involved in transcriptional regulation by both agonist- and antagonist-bound AR and regulate the magnitude of hormone response, at least in part, by competing with coactivators.
15328534 analysis of binding affinities for androgen receptor coactivator interactions with AR
15199155 SENP1's ability to enhance AR-dependent transcription is not mediated through desumoylation of AR, but rather through its ability to deconjugate histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1), thereby reducing its deacetylase activity.
16079795 LSD1 interacts with androgen receptor in vitro and in vivo, and stimulates androgen-receptor-dependent transcription
16120611 FoxH1 has a role in androgen receptor-mediated transactivation
12119296 Androgen Receptor requires proteasome activity in prostate tumor cells
14744796 Androstanediol is a stronge activator of mutant AR in prostate cancer cells and induces more cell proliferation
15558026 Mapping the region of cyclin D1 required for binding and repression of the androgen receptor in prostate cancer.
14743468 In situ shortening of CAG repeat lengths in prostate cancer(PCA), prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, and postatrophic hyperplasia(PAH). Frequency of CAG shortening was significantly higher in PAH than in PCA.
16759930 The novel c.C2812T transition that might impair dimerization of the receptor is responsible for the clinical symptoms of complete androgen insensitivity syndrome in the affected individuals.
16914734 Human PIRH2 as a key modulator of AR function, opening a new direction for targeted therapy in aggressive human prostate cancer.
17170703 caspase-8 regulates androgen-receptor-driven gene expression
17334586 The impact of androgens in various disorders and polymorphic variations in the AR gene is the main focus of this review.[review]
17334587 intracellular control of AR expression levels through the natural AR promoter might be needed for determining AR function in androgen-independent prostate cancer (AIPC) PC-3 cells.
17334597 The number of CAG repeats in the androgen receptor gene within normal range is not a clinically relevant genetic risk factor for non-obstructive azoospermia & oligoasthenoteratozoospermia.
17363459 Presence of two AREs within the IGF-I upstream promoter that act in cis to activate IGF-I expression.
17372242 having a short CAG repeat length in AR increases ovarian cancer risk in African Americans
14981536 Pim1 and Etk are required for IL6-induced activation of androgen receptor-mediated transcription in prostate cancer.
15109605 Data suggest the ligand-binding domain has a role in maintaining the stability of androgen receptor-DNA complexes.
11875111 function inhibited by the reproductive orphan nuclear receptor DAX-1
11927493 CAG/CAA repeat lengths in androgen receptor gene may provide useful marker for clinically significant prostate cancer
16835890 Expression of AR protein in PC3-Lenti-AR cells resulted in transactivation of p21 and growth inhibition in culture and in mouse xenografts. Such inhibition was due to induced G1 arrest as documented by expression changes in p27 and p45(SKP2) proteins.
12804609 AR and PIAS3 regulate the STAT3-mediated transcriptional activity by their physical protein-protein competition on STAT3
14511406 androgen receptor downregulates E-cadherin-mediated cell adhesion and promotes apoptosis of prostatic cancer cells
12226080 interactions between AR, Smad3, and Smad4 may result in the differential regulation of the AR transactivation, which further strengthens their roles in the prostate cancer progression
12482965 a new mechanism for androgen-mediated prostate cancer cell survival that appears to be independent of the activity of the receptor on androgen response element-mediated transcription
12559985 Chip overexpression reduced the rate of AR degradation, consistent with an effect on AR folding,Chip affected AR folding was further supported by the finding that the effects of exogenous Chip were reproduced by a mutant lacking the U box
12586762 androgens can regulate PTHrP production, and the androgen effect on PTHrP is mediated at least in part by transcriptional regulation via the androgen receptor
15178691 androgen receptor-mediated transactivation and cell growth is suppressed by the glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta in prostate cells
15790678 CDK6 may play an important role in the development and/or progression of a subset of human prostate cancers by stimulating the activity of the AR.
12061774 Stabilization of androgen receptor protein is induced by agonist, not by antagonists.
16161040 increasing number of functional CAG repeats may be associated with endometrial carcinogenesis because of AR's reduced ability to recruit coregulators and other transcriptional components
16161052 cyclin G associated kinase enhanced the AR transcriptional response even at low concentrations of androgens
16166078 activation of AR and the down-regulation of IFN signaling can synergize to promote cell survival and suppress apoptosis
16187285 data suggests that short CAG or GGN repeats of the AR gene are associated with a more benign condition of traditional prognostic variables in endometrial cancer.
16278385 androgen receptor is involved in VEGF and hypoxia sensing via hypoxia-inducible factors HIF-1a, HIF-2a, and the prolyl hydroxylases in human prostate cancer
12161010 review: role of androgen receptor CAG repeat polymorphism as modifier of carcinogenesis
12161011 the role of AR in inhibiting E(2) action at genomic level in MCF-7 cells
12532336 Data suggest that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) actions on normal prostate cells may be mediated independently through androgen receptors and vitamin D receptors.
15536156 AR and estrogen receptor beta are important in relatively early coronary atherosclerosis.
15919721 AR mutations identified in prostate cancer (AR P340L) and androgen insensitivity syndrome (AR E2K) show reduced transcriptional responses to ART-27, whereas their response to the p160 class of coactivators was not diminished.
12481545 role in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy [review]
12648179 Long CAG repeats in the AR gene are not associated with infertility in Finnish males.
12755998 certain types of age-related changes in ageing men were associated with the length of the AR gene CAG repeat, suggesting that this parameter may play a role in setting different thresholds for the array of androgen actions in the male.
11751884 These results demonstrate that activation of the human AR NTD by IL-6 was mediated through MAPK and STAT3 signal transduction pathways in LNCaP prostate cancer cells
14985354 glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta phosphorylates the androgen receptor, thereby inhibiting androgen receptor-driven transcription
15337466 In contrast to other studies, we did not find a statistically significant relationship between the size of the androgen receptor CAG repeat and impaired sperm production in Tunisian population.
12499384 androgen receptor has a site in the ligand binding domain that is involved in estrogen induction of androgen receptor trans-activation
14504193 These findings support the theory that short trinucleotide repeat genotypes of the AR gene protect against breast cancer.
15239671 present study shows that the AR isoform pattern from AR de novo synthesis is directly linked to differential phosphorylation of a distinct set of sites; after mutagenesis of these sites, no major change in functional activity of the AR was observed
15472231 AR is expressed in several cell types in human skeletal muscle, including satellite cells, fibroblasts, CD34+ precursor cells, vascular endothelial, smooth muscle cells, and mast cells
14517289 androgen receptor, Hsp70, and Bag-1L are all targeted to the androgen response elements of the gene that encodes prostate-specific antigen
15376484 diabetes or glucose impairment was more common than previously reported and, like gynecomastia, did not correlate with size of triplet repeats
15472213 association between GGN length and the risk of cryptorchidism and penile hypospadias
14667996 AR is a functional component of the mechanism through which progesterone antagonists induce endometrial antiproliferative effects in the presence of estrogens
15358199 SNP on codon 211 in the AR gene may not have an important role in the carcinogenesis of human renal cell cancers
16368182 The data indicate that USP10 is a new cofactor that binds to the androgen receptor (AR) and stimulates the androgen response of target promoters. This finding underlines the role of the ubiquitin/proteasome system in modulating the AR function.
16860317 These results identify HDAC7 as a novel Androgen receptor corepressor whose subcellular and subnuclear compartmentalization can be regulated in an androgen-selective manner.
16865726 Neuroendocrine (NE) cells of prostate cancer constitute a unique subset of cancer cells, which have a unique immunohistochemical profile. They do not express AR, consistent with their resistance to hormonal therapy.
16957138 association of CAG/GGN trinucleotide repeats in the androgen receptor gene with cryptorchidism and hypospadias in an Iranian population
17011549 c-Rel, like AR, is a part of the nucleoprotein complex regulating the androgen-responsive prostate-specific antigen (PSA) promoter
17055455 These findings collectively suggest that hinokitiol is potentially effective against prostate cancer in vitro, and thus it might become a novel chemopreventive or chemotherapeutic agent for prostate cancer.
17074594 Expression of AR gene alleles from each of the two X chromosomes was present in the chordoma tumor, indicating a polyclonal proliferation.
17230529 Somatic mutations at the trinucleotide repeats of androgen receptor gene is associated with male hepatocellular carcinoma
17416965 Data show that Gi and RGS proteins provide biochemical control of androgen receptor exclusion from the cell nucleus.
12925954 GGC and CAG trinucleotide repeat lengths in the androgen receptor gene polymorphism is associated with esophageal cancer risk
14667136 The CAG repeat polymorphism in the first exon of the androgen receptor (AR) gene is associated with reduced bone mass and increased risk of osteoporotic fractures in women.
14966297 Data report the identification of Rad9, a key member of the checkpoint Rad protein family, as a coregulator to suppress androgen-androgen receptor transactivation in prostate cancer cells.
14966121 AR transcriptional hyperactivity associated with shortened poly(Q) length stems from altered ligand-induced conformational changes that enhance coactivator recruitment
15120698 concluded that AR-CAG repeat length does not constitute an important factor for the genetic predisposition to endometriosis
15156193 AR is controlled by a suppressor complex lost in an androgen-independent prostate cancer cell line.
12376473 polymorphic CAG repeats in the gene and prostate cancer risk
12877254 An association exists between CAG repeat lengths and impaired spermatogenesis in azoospermic males
15389799 The ability of a short GGC repeat to enhance androgen action provides a biologically plausible mechanism to account for reports that a short GGC repeat in the AR gene is a risk factor for prostate cancer.
15519887 the AR functions as a ligand-regulated transcription factor.
15563469 side chains unique to the AR-ligand binding domain rearrange to bind either the bulky FXXLF motifs or the more compact LXXLL motifs
12085360 the androgen receptor-CAG alleles may contribute to hepatocellular carcinoma predisposition among women through a mechanism different from that for men
14646391 Despite S597R mutation and severe undermasculinization, as seen in the baby, normal male phenotype for age could be achieved with treatment.
15256534 Interactions between AR and beta-catenin contribute to prostate cell growth in vivo.
15665279 Bisphenol A can serve as a potential "hormone sensitizer" of the mutant ARs present in advanced prostate adenocarcinomas, thereby possibly contributing toward therapeutic relapse.
15988382 Mutations in testis and sex differentiation diorders,(review)
16282370 stress kinases signaling and nuclear export regulate AR transcriptional activity.
16384856 Vav3 enhanced AR transcription activity in prostate cancer at subnanomolar concentrations of androgen.
16449965 our results suggest RGS2 as a novel regulator of AR signaling and its repression may be an important step during prostate tumorigenesis and progression.
16470553 analysis of androgen receptor gene mutations associated with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome
16595706 regions just before helix 3, between helices 5 and 6, and at helix 10 are also important for AR N-/C-terminal interaction
16921507 AR and ACTR may play important roles in androgen ablation resistance by controlling key cell cycle gene expression
16980632 Increased AR ligand sensitivity as well as locus-specific chromatin alterations contribute to basal gene expression of a subpopulation of specific AR target genes in androgen-independent PCa cells.
17073749 AR-AF1 domain exhibits induced folding when contacted by transcription regulators (such as TFIIF) into a more compact and 'active' conformation.
17073759 Identification and characterization of mutations found in prostate cancer and Kennedy's disease patients
17054461 study found 20 mutations (7 novel) in 26 of 1517 male infertility patients; a high number of mutations localized in exon 1 of the AR gene coding for the transactivation domain of the protein
17178871 Potential involvement of AR-bound calmodulin in calcium-controlled, calpain-mediated breakdown of AR in prostate cancer cells.
17262801 The AR(K580R) mutation promoted the malignant transformation of prostate epithelial cells in association with upregulation of placental alkaline phosphatase and activation of the Akt signaling pathway.
17453687 Dominant expression of androgen receptors in penile tissues of children with hypospadias may be the postnatal finding of disrupted estrogen receptor interaction during intrauterine development of external genitalia.
11967956 CAG polymorphic repeat lengths in androgen receptor gene among Japanese prostate cancer patients: potential predictor of prognosis after endocrine therapy.
12218053 There is a coregulatory role for the TRAP-mediator complex in receptor-mediated gene expression.
17570496 data demonstrated that chronic inflammation appeared to play roles in induction of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta expression in prostate epithelium which was associated with increased Cyclooxygenase-2 expression and androgen receptor downregulation
14511213 We conclude that more numerous CAG repeats do not directly cause oligozoospermia and propose that men with longer CAG repeats might be more prone to develop infertility in response to any pathogen/epigenetic factors.
12890669 EGR1 binds to the androgen receptor (AR) in prostate carcinoma cells, and an EGR1-AR complex can be detected
12860943 Androgen receptor mutation with antiandrogen withdrawal response or survival rate is not specific.
14645241 androgen receptor transactivation requires activating signal cointegrator-2 and the tumor suppressor retinoblastoma
15229204 The < 21 CAG and GGN = 23 combination of repeats may confer a lower risk of infertility to the carriers. Androgen sensitivity may be higher among carriers of the GGN = 23 allele compared to the GGN = 24 allele.
15479493 There is no evidence of increased risk of prostate cancer among balck men with fewer CAG repeats.
15827323 androgen receptor silencing has a role in apoptotic cell death by disrupting the Bcl-xL-mediated survival signal in human prostate cancer cell lines
15887248 Androgen receptor may play important role in onset of DNA synthesis in prostate cancer cells by regulating expression and stability of Cdc6, critically required for assembly of pre-replication complex.
12933816 a triple complex between AR, p85alpha, and Src is required for androgen-stimulated PI3K/Akt activation
12799378 there is a direct interaction between the AR DNA binding domain (DBD) and Tcf4.
15053245 An R840S mutation on exon 7 of the AR ligand-binding domain was characterized in an X-linked androgen insensitivity syndrome patient.
15361837 Inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3 reduced the growth of AR-expressing prostate cancer cell lines.
15640154 Ku is a transcriptional recycling coactivator of the androgen receptor in prostate cancer cells
16210317 study suggests that AR is phosphorylated at Ser-213 in specific developmental and cellular contexts
11923466 presence of both the amino- and carboxyl-terminal domains in the AR is essential for the completion of a transcriptionally active form with coactivators and intranuclear compartmentalization common to the steroid hormone receptors
14612401 AR acetylation promoted cell survival and growth of prostate cancer cells
15514032 the effects of AR NH2- and COOH-terminal interactions may not always correlate with similar effects on AR-mediated transactivation and/or AR-mediated cell growth
12649062 DNA interaction in the context of the general mechanisms that dictate the sequence-specificity of DNA-binding and dimerization of the nuclear receptors
16358333 Mutant androgen receptor accumulation in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy scrotal skin.
15772083 ARA70 is a coactivator for estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) and may represent a functional link between ERalpha/androgen receptor (AR) modulating their cross-talk in models of estrogen signaling in MCF-7 and HeLa cells
12394768 Our results suggest that short CAG repeats are associated with an increased prostate cancer risk in Hispanic men.
12582022 AR repeat length may be partly responsible for the increased risk for early-onset breast cancer in women who use OCs.
15579779 A significant genotype-phenotype association exists in Klinefelter patients: androgen effects on appearance and social characteristics are modulated by the androgen receptor CAGn polymorphism.
15833816 Androgen receptor mutation confers agonist activity to bicalutamide and is likely involved in bicalutamide resistance to prostate cancer.
12089361 Our study thus suggests a functional cooperation between AR and Stat5.
12843171 Fifteen different mutations were identified, including five (S119X, T602P, L768V, I898F, and P904V) that have not been described previously
12843184 earlier presentation may relate to increased androgen sensitivity, indicated by androgen receptor gene CAG repeat length.
14668339 the androgen receptor mediates non-genomic activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-OH kinase in androgen-sensitive epithelial cells
11720249 androgen receptor CAG repeats in both black and white patients do not appear to be a strong indicator of prostatic cancer risk
15131260 LATS2 may play a role in AR-mediated transcription and contribute to the development of prostate cancer
15754350 prostate cancer cell lines exhibit functional interactions between AR and vitamin D receptor signaling
15956082 Normal genetic variation in the AR coding sequence may be clinically significant in the setting of early testicular failure and subnormal circulating testosterone levels, as occur in Klinefelter syndrome.
16299230 Short AR allelotype (< or = 20 CAG repeats) was associated with a higher incidence of thrombocytosis.
16461912 These studies indicate that the altered AR regulatory capacity of cyclin D1b contributes to its association with increased prostate cancer risk and provide evidence of cyclin D1b-mediated transcriptional regulation.
16515589 It is suggested that the CAG repeat length in Androgen Receptor exon 1 may affect the age of diagnosis of ovarian cancer but does so independent of germ line BRCA1 carrier status.
16720717 Results suggest that, in addition to its proapoptotic function, par-4 acts as a novel transcription cofactor for androgen receptors to target c-FLIP gene expression.
16725394 CHIP recognizes AR in a highly specific, phosphorylation- and sequence-dependent manner
16774685 In LNCaP cells CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha over expression inhibits expression of prostate specific antigen by Androgen receptor-dependent mechanism
16969502 expression of AR down-regulates the migratory responses of human prostate cancer cells via CXCR4 and CCR1
17244640 investigated which roles the AR polymorphisms as well as the R554K and P185A in the AHR and AHRR genes, respectively, may play in modifying the effect of exposure to organohalogen pollutants in regard to sperm Y : X ratio
17585029 These data show that androgen receptor expression in the prostate is suppressed by soy protein isolate consumption, which may be beneficial in preventing prostate cancer.
11906285 Structural basis for the glucocorticoid response in a mutant human androgen receptor
12441355 AR possesses an intrinsic transcriptional repression activity, and AR interacts directly with SMRT
12779088 The loss of the androgen receptor expression together with the observed loss of other steroid hormone receptors in BRCA1-mutated tumors may lead to a hormone-independent growth or to anti-hormone resistant growth of these tumors.
12810069 Results suggest that p54(nrb) functions as a coactivator of androgen receptors that potentiates transcription and possibly splicing.
15171708 Results describe a novel mutation in exon 7 of the androgen receptor gene in a patient with partial androgen insensitivity syndrome.
12039962 activation function-1 domain of androgen receptor contributes to the interaction between subnuclear splicing factor compartment and nuclear receptor compartment
11889162 Two de novo mutations in the AR gene cause the complete androgen insensitivity syndrome in a pair of monozygotic twins.
12651911 Substantial qualitative and quantitative differences in prostate specific antigen expression and AR occupancy of the prostate specific antigen enhancer were observed when dihydrotestosterone and ligand-independent activations of the AR were compared
12908100 exon 5 of the androgen receptor has a role in androgen binding, as shown by analysis of insertion/deletion mutation in the androgen receptor
15731171 Androgen receptor is recruited to the promoter of the c-FLIP gene in the presence of androgens.
15888966 no statistically significant relationship between the length of the CAG repeat of the AR gene and idiopathic impaired sperm production was observed in the Turkish population, contrary to the findings from Caucasian and North American population studies
15954500 Statistical analysis revealed no actual link between the length of the CAG tract and a reduction of spermatogenesis in a cohort of infertile patients of Irish ethnic origin
16365032 Naturally occurring mutations alter the androgen receptor activation function 2 (AF2)and ligand binding interface.
16583221 Our results suggest the involvement of androgen receptor positive chondrocytes in thyroid cartilage mineralization, probably by a testosterone-linked stimulation of alkaline phosphatase.
16847812 androgen receptor CAG repeat length may have a role in the tumorigenic process of the prostate
17003774 AR induction of MRP4 mediates resistance of PC cells to nucleotide-based chemotherapeutic drugs.
16969583 specific GGN/CAG haplotypes (CAG 21) of AR gene increase the risk of prostate cancer
17242169 Plays role in the regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor endocytotic trafficking and active signalling in prostate cancer cells.
17256155 the AR polyglycine repeat polymorphism does not confer susceptibility to androgenetic alopecia.(451-7) Status: Complete Incomplete Delete
17356171 Androgen receptor antagonists are useful for inhibition of prostate cancer cell growth.
17426252 These results indicated that in prostate cancers, HIF-1 might cooperate with the AR to activate the expression of several genes related to tumor angiogenesis, invasion, and progression.
17477366 There may be a hormonal and hypoxia-independent regulatory mechanism coordinating the expression of HIF-1alpha, HIV-2alpha, VEGF, the androgen receptor, and FOXP1 in prostate tumors.
11903314 role in blood pressure
17569297 The number of CAG repeats was significantly greater in younger prostate cancer patients compared to controls. Comparing younger to older patients, the difference was not significant, but there was a trend towards less CAG repeats in older patients.
17613104 AR gene might be involved in the depressive upset in adolescents, and the age- and sex-related prevalent differences might also be associated to CAG rep
12824190 A polyglutamine-expanded form of androgen receptor regulates its cleavage by caspase-3 and enhances cell death.
12051960 review of NH(2)-terminal and carboxyl-terminal interaction in the androgen receptor
12714604 data suggest that AR interacting peptides and/or AR coregulators may utilize the (F/W)XXL(F/W) and FXXLY motifs to mediate their interaction with AR and exert their influences on AR transactivation
14974091 Novel nonsense mutations that introduce premature termination codons in the AR gene in Australian patients with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome.
15215582 results suggest that hAR AF-1 recruits co-activators previously known only to interact with the AF-2 domain
15539430 cyclin D1 binding to the androgen receptor NH2-terminal domain inhibits activation function 2 association
15570555 These data failed to confirm that common genetic variation in the AR gene locus influences risk of prostate cancer
15617028 AR mutants found in prostate cancer had different functional alterations, which might play an important role in the progression of prostate cancer
16112495 Findings suggest that it is unlikely that the AR CAG repeat polymorphism plays a major role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.
11818501 Domain interactions between coregulator ARA(70) and the androgen receptor (AR); structure activity relationship
11818512 Missense substitution at M807 is associated with androgen insensitivity syndrome
14627807 H3-K4 methylation at the human prostate specific antigen (PSA) locus following gene activation and repression via androgen receptor
16352666 Sertoli cells from certain infertile patients showed greatly decreased androgen receptor.
15123687 Data suggest that acetylation and phosphorylation of the androgen receptor (AR) are linked events and that the conserved AR lysine motif contributes to a select subset of pathways governing AR activity.
15950642 Although not a major determinant of polycystic ovary syndrome, androgen receptor gene CAG repeat length may be a significant modulator of androgen-related diseases in some individuals.
12213902 Complete androgen insensitivity syndrome is caused by a novel mutation in the ligand-binding domain
12593895 study suggests that the androgen receptor gene microsatellite polymorphism may be a candidate genetic marker for risk of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women
12771131 SMRT and DAX-1 repress agonist-dependent activity of androgen receptors
15350307 The presence of short androgen receptor alleles and the G allele of the prostate specific antigen gene may contribute to the development of prostate cancer in a 47,XXY patient.
11845321 stained sections throughout male genital development documented the expression of AR and 5 alpha-reductase type 2 in the phallus.
12514133 Data show that stimulation of the RhoA effector protein kinase C-related kinase (PRK) signalling cascade results in a ligand-dependent superactivation of androgen receptors both in vivo and in vitro.
12682292 FLNa interfered with androgen receptor (AR) interdomain interactions and competed with the coactivator transcriptional intermediary factor 2 to specifically down-regulate AR function.
12637980 Positive independent correlation of the CAG repeat number with body fat content, leptin and insulin.
12949936 Orphan receptor TR2 may function as a negative modulator to suppress AR function in prostate cancer. Further studies on how to control TR2 function may result in ability to modulate AR function in prostate cancer.
15302512 The loss of AR expression is associated with invasive bladder cancer.
14641003 Results do not support a common role for the androgen receptor gene exon 1 CAG repeat in type 1 diabetes mellitus susceptibility; however, an effect of a disease variant in linkage disequilibrium could be detected.
14698481 AR containing 51 glutamine repeats showed a consistent, though minimal, reduction in its ability to inhibit beta-catenin-mediated transcription, in comparison to a non-pathogenic form with 20 repeats.
15545219 Women homozygous for the Androgen Receptor CAG repeat were over-represented in ovarian cancer patients reinforcing recent suggestions that AR may have a role in ovarian carcinogenesis.
11856748 can promote nuclear translocation of beta-catenin in LNCaP and PC3 prostate cancer cells
15557561 4-estren-3alpha17beta-diol binds recombinant AR with 10-fold higher affinity than either estrogen receptor (ER)-alpha or ERbeta.
14517714 The repeat polymorphisms in the AR gene are associated with bone mass in women with high levels of sex-hormone binding globulin.
15948728 AR-AR coregulator relationship is different between prostate cancer and normal tissue, leading to the hypothesis that the AR transcriptional complex is regulated differently between prostate cancer and normal tissue.
12970746 IL-4 enhances PSA expression through activation of the AR and Akt signaling pathways in LNCaP prostate cancer cells
11774215 The AR gene (CAG)n exhibits polymorphism among normal male population and the present work could serve as a basis for further exploration of its pathological and genetic significance.
16446741 Colocalization of CRH and nuclear/cytoplasmic androgen receptor (AR) was found in neurons of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) in the human hypothalamus. A potential androgen-responsive element (ARE) in the human CRH promoter was also analyzed.
16474850 hAR is a direct target of LEF-1/TCF transcriptional regulation in PCa cells; expression of the hAR protein is suppressed by a degradation pathway regulated by cross-talk of Wnt, Akt, and PP2A
16609370 Authors suggest that AR genotype could contribute a genetic predisposition to Greenlanders, who despite one of the world's highest body burden of organohalogen pollutants, seem to be protected from hypospadias.
16644868 inhibition of the hsp90-dependent trafficking mechanism prevents aggregation of the expanded glutamine androgen receptor
16645039 AR N-terminal transactivation function, activation function 1, has the potential to regulate transcription at both the level of initiation and elongation
16865224 polymorphism analysis of the AR gene suggests that the fertility of children conceived by ICSI may be conserved.
16868150 Short GGN repeats seem to be associated with decreased semen volume, possibly due to suboptimal AR activity
17015840 Androgen-sensitive (AS) prostate cancer cells do not express androgen receptor (AR) protein during mitosis, either in vitro or in vivo, consistent with AR functioning as a licensing factor for DNA replication in AS prostate cancer cells.
17178887 E;evated E2F1 transcription factor, through its ability to repress androgen receptor transcription, may contribute to the progression of hormone-independent prostate cancer.
17217995 findings suggest that AR gene amplification is an important molecular mechanism underlying the increase in proliferation rate of a substantial fraction of recurrent prostate carcinomas
17259306 This study documents HBx as a previously undescribed class of noncellular positive coregulators for AR.
17365134 The results suggest that shorter length of AR might influence the onset of MDD in female adolescents, a further elucidation of the mechanisms is warranted.
17452459 These data demonstrated that PSF and p54nrb complex with AR and play a key role in modulating AR-mediated gene transcription.
17494760 Ack1 activated by surface signals or oncogenic mechanisms may directly enhance AR transcriptional function and promote androgen-independent progression of prostate cancer.
17568191 Review. The role of AR in controlling cell cycle progression & paradoxical roles of AR in survival signals are considered.
12634316 a direct correlation exists between the CAG repeat length in the exon 1 of the AR gene and the risk of being azoospermic.
12895004 Androgen receptors were only seen in hair follicle dermal papilla cells and the basal cells of the sebaceous gland.
14662770 androgen receptor transactivation and coactivation by TIF2/GRIP1 in recurrent prostate cancer is increased by EGF signaling through MAPK
12031042 contribution of genetic polymorphism of oestrogen and androgen receptor (AR) genes in male infertility
15062556 AR N-terminal(1-34) suppressed both androgen-dependent AR N-to-C interaction and prostate specific antigen transcription and also caused delaying translocation to the nucleus and the decreasing stability of the AR were inhibition to enter into S phase
15091318 Coding & splice junctions of the androgen receptor gene were scanned in genomic DNA samples from psychiatric patients. 2 variants affecting protein structure & expression were found: R726L in 1 of 17 scanned alcoholics, & P516S in 1 of 3 phobia patients.
11971763 regulation of androgen receptor by PI3 kinase
12163482 Data show that steroid receptor coactivator-1 (SRC-1) enhanced ligand-independent activation of the AR by IL-6 to the same magnitude as that obtained via ligand-dependent activation, and that activation required MAPK.
15044606 Data show that the haplotype distribution of CAG and GGC repeat lengths is different in men with idiopathic infertility compared to fertile normozoospermic men.
15118070 molecular dynamic modeling to create four-dimensional models of each of the mutant receptors
14963700 Androgen receptor over-expression is associated with gastric cancer
15609126 Longer AR CAG repeats are more common in men with breast cancer than in the control male population. Androgen hyposensitivity, caused by long AR CAG repeats, may increase the risk of breast cancer in men.
12115497 DHT may play more important roles than testosterone in the regulation of androgen action in endometrial cancer and normal human endometrium, especially in the secretory phase, in which both AR and 5alpha-reductase are increased
12399527 Comparison of fertile men and those with azoospermia on the basis of CAG repeats revealed that the number of CAG repeats in both groups were similar.
15205473 PTEN, via distinct mechanisms, differentially regulates androgen receptors in various stages of prostate cancers.
15609040 Strong nuclear immunoreactivity for AR and ERbeta was found in the secretory epithelium of apocrine glands in axilla
15721279 GGC and StuI polymorphism is found on the androgen receptor gene in endometrial cancer
16123086 the differential localization of AR and ER isoforms in human sperm reveals distinct roles of these receptors in the physiology of sperm cells
16254899 The A allele of the G1733A polymorphism of the AR gene has been associated with increased risk of prostate cancer.
16479009 androgen and androgen receptor promote Bax-mediated apoptosis in prostate cancer cells.
16601069 To assess directly the functional significance of N-terminal glutamine (Q) tract variation, we converted the mouse AR to the human sequence by germline gene targeting, introducing alleles with 12, 21, or 48 glutamines.
16647340 ER/PR/AR-negative cells transfected with AR were killed by DHEAS/AI treatment, providing evidence that AR is responsible for this effect. This provides the first AR-targeted hormonal therapy for ER breast cancer.
16791593 Longer Tandem Repeats in androgen receptor is associated with breast cancer
17043241 increased cyclin-dependent kinase 1 activity is a mechanism for increasing AR expression and stability in response to low androgen levels in androgen-independent prostate cancer
17257635 results imply that prostate cancer risk is associated with androgen receptor(AR)-CAG repeat and kallikrein-2 polymorphisms in Indian population but no unambiguous association was observed with PSA and AR-GGN repeat polymorphism
17342749 These findings suggest that reactive oxygen species is a common mediator responsible for ADAM9 protein induction in human prostate cancer cells, downstream from androgen receptor, and stress response signaling.
17336451 ARs having a Leu701His mutation AR(L701H) was highly dependent on Hsp90 for its hormone-independent activation, suggesting that this chaperone functions in AR(L701H) folding.
17496156 A functional interaction of WT1 and AR might play a role during the development of the male external genitalia.
17494760 Ack1 promotes prostate cancer progression to androgen-independence via androgen receptor tyrosine phosphorylation at Tyr-267 and Tyr-363, both located within the transactivation domain.
11389183 Androgens induce neuroprotection directly through the androgen receptor.
12039962 identification as a coactivator for the androgen receptor [p102 U5 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle-binding protein]
12111704 Polymorphisms within the gene are biomarkers for the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia and benign prostatic enlargement(SRD5A2)
11474658 androgen receptor and DXS15-134 markers show a high rate of discordance for germline X chromosome inactivation in patients with breast or ovarian cancer
11587068 Molecular studies performed on eight individuals with AIS were reported. Exon-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR), single-strand conformation polymorphism, and sequencing analyses, were performed in exons 2 to 8 of the AR gene.
11456479 Almost all of the amino acids located at the 13-residue C-terminal end of the androgen receptor participate in its ligand binding function and consequently in its transcriptional activation.

 

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