Adenoviridae

Adenoviruses are medium-sized , nonenveloped icosahedral viruses containing double-stranded DNA. There are over 51 different serotypes in humans, which are responsible for 5–10% of upper respiratory infections in children, and many infections in adults as well. Viruses of the family Adenoviridae infect various species of animals, including humans. Adenoviruses were first isolated in human adenoids , from which the name is derived, and are classified as group I under the Baltimore classification scheme. Adenoviruses represent the largest nonenveloped viruses, because they are the maximum size able to be transported through the endosome . The virion also has a unique "spike" or fibre associated with each penton base of the capsid that aids in attachment to the host cell via the coxsackie-adenovirus receptor on the surface of the host cell. There are 51 immunologically distinct human adenovirus serotypes that can cause human infections ranging from respiratory disease , and conjunctivitis , to gastroenteritis . Adenoviruses are unusually stable to chemical or physical agents and adverse pH conditions, allowing for prolonged survival outside of the body and water. Adenoviruses are primarily spread via respiratory droplets, however they can also be spread by fecal routes as well.Most infections with adenovirus result in infections of the upper respiratory tract. Adenovirus infections often show up as conjunctivitis, tonsilitis , an ear infection, or croup. Adenoviruses can also cause gastroenteritis . A combination of conjunctivitis and tonsilitis is particularly common with adenovirus infections. Some children can develop adenovirus bronchiolitis or pneumonia, both of which can be severe. In babies, adenoviruses can also cause coughing fits that look almost exactly like whooping cough. Adenoviruses can also cause viral meningitis or encephalitis. Rarely, adenovirus can cause cystitis .Most people recover from adenovirus infections by themselves, but people with immunodeficiency sometimes die of adenovirus infections, and—rarely—even previously healthy people can die of these infections.Adenoviruses are often transmitted by coughed-out droplets, but can also be transmitted by contact with an infected person, or by virus particles left on objects such as towels and faucet handles. Some people with adenovirus gastroenteritis may shed the virus in their stools for months after getting over the symptoms. The virus can be passed from one person to another through some sexual practices, and through water in swimming pools that do not have enough chlorine in them. As with many other illnesses, good handwashing is one way to lessen the spread of adenoviruses from one person to another. Heat and bleach will kill adenoviruses on objects. As with all viruses, there are no antibiotics that help with an adenoviral infection, so treatment is largely directed at the symptoms . A doctor may give antibiotic eyedrops for conjunctivitis, since it takes a while to test to see if the eye infection is bacterial or viral and to help prevent secondary bacterial infections. In the past, US military recruits were vaccinated against two serotypes of adenotypes, with a corresponding decrease in illnesses caused by those serotypes. The vaccine is no longer manufactured, and there are currently no vaccines available to protect against the adenovirus. Good hygiene, including handwashing, is still the best way to avoid picking up the adenovirus from an infected person. (From the Wikpedia article Adenoviridae.)

Download PDF containing detailed information.

Recent Publications on Adenoviridae:
[Inhibitory effect of adenovirus-mediated short hairpin RNA targeting P85 and Akt1 on growth of human gastric adenocarcinoma cell] OBJECTIVE: To construct a short hairpin RNA(shRNA) adenovirus vector...	5th February, 2010	Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University General	Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi. 2009 Jul;48(7):557-61.
Adenovirus transport via direct interaction of cytoplasmic dynein with the viral capsid hexon subunit. Early in infection, adenovirus travels to the nucleus as a naked capsid...	2nd February, 2010	Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York,	Cell Host Microbe. 2009 Dec 17;6(6):523-35. DOI Direct Link
Outbreak of adenovirus 14 respiratory illness--Prince of Wales Island, Alaska, 2008. On September 22, 2008, a physician on Prince of Wales Island, Alaska,...	20th January, 2010		MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2010 Jan 15;59(1):6-10.
Development and characterization of a human articular cartilage-derived chondrocyte cell line that retains chondrocyte phenotype. Chondrocytes, the only cell type present in articular cartilage, regulate...	20th January, 2010	Discovery Technology Group, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania,	J Cell Physiol. 2010 Mar;222(3):695-702. DOI Direct Link
Effect of PTTG on endogenous gene expression in HEK 293 cells. BACKGROUND: Pituitary tumor transforming gene (PTTG), also known as...	19th January, 2010	Department of Physiology and Biophysics, James Graham Brown Cancer Center,	BMC Genomics. ;10:577. DOI Direct Link
→View more research publications.

BioNews Results for Adenoviridae:
Adenovirus: Study results from Institute of Environmental Science and Research Ltd. in the area of adenovirus published	NewsRX:  Jan 4 2010 3:22PM Matching: adenoviridae

Adenoviridae Clinical Trials:
Safety, Toxicity and Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) of One Intravenous IV Injection of Donor Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) Specific for Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Adenovirus

Adenoviridae Patents:
US Patent No.	Title
7547436	Receptor specific transepithelial transport of therapeutics
7572628	Eukaryotic layered vector initiation systems
7575918	Tissue-specific and pathogen-specific ribozymes
7576066	Nucleic acid compositions for stimulating immune responses
7578970	Methods of inhibiting growth of microorganisms using disinfectant compositions comprising orange oil mixtures
→View more patents.

BioPortfolio Ltd. offers e-mail and postal lists for Adenoviridae scientists - we have details of around 2095 individuals working on Adenoviridae .