Blepharoplasty

Blepharoplasty can be both a functional or cosmetic surgical procedure intended to reshape the upper eyelid or lower eyelid by the removal and/or repositioning of excess tissue as well as by reinforcement of surrounding muscles and tendons. When an advanced amount of upper eyelid skin is present, the skin may hang over the eyelashes and cause a loss of peripheral vision. The outer and upper parts of the visual field are most commonly affected and the condition may cause difficulty with activities such as driving or reading. In this circumstance, upper eyelid blepharoplasty is performed to improve peripheral vision. Patients with a less severe amount of excess skin may have a similar procedure performed for cosmetic reasons. Lower eyelid blepharoplasty is almost always done for cosmetic reasons, to improve puffy lower eyelid "bags" and reduce the wrinkling of skin. Blepharoplasty is performed through external incisions made along the natural skin lines of the eyelids, such as the creases of the upper lids and below the lashes of the lower lids, or from the inside surface of the lower eyelid. Initial swelling and bruising take one to two weeks to resolve but at least several months are needed until the final result becomes stable. Depending upon the scope of the procedure, the operation takes one to three hours to complete. The anatomy of the upper/lower eyelids, patients' skin quality, patients' age, and the adjacent bony and soft tissue all affect the cosmetic and functional outcomes after blepharoplasty. Factors which are known to cause complications after surgery include failure to recognize factors such as* preexisting dry eyes - which may become exacerbated by disrupting the natural tear film * laxity of the lower lid margin - which predisposes to lower lid malposition* prominence of the eye in relation to the malar complex - which predisposes to lower lid malposition[http://www.surgery.org The American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery]estimates the average physician/surgeon fee for blepharoplasty for [http://www.surgery.org/download/2006stats.pdf 2006 to be around $2,882.] These fees are for the physician/surgeon fees only and do not include fees for the surgical facility, anesthesia, medical tests, prescriptions, surgical garments or any other miscellaneous costs related to the surgery. Physicians most qualified to perform blepharoplasties are plastic surgeons, ophthalmologists, oral and maxillofacial surgeons, and otolaryngologists.The manner in which blepharoplasty surgery can alter a person's appearance is best appreciated by comparing before and after photos of surgical patients. Photos are available on a number of surgeon websites including: [http://www.drmeronk.com/eyelid/photos.html Dr. Frank Meronk based in Southern California] and [http://www.bostoneyelids.com/eyelid-surgery-photos.aspx Dr. Mitesh Kapadia based in Boston, Massachusetts]. An upper blepharoplasy in someone who is Asian is termed Asian blepharoplasty or double eyelid surgery. It is the most popular form of cosmetic surgery among those of east and southeast Asian background. Due to anatomic differences between the asian and occidental eyelid, about half of this population are born without a supratarsal eyelid crease and are called single-lidded. Surgery can be used to artificially create a crease above the eye. Transconjunctival blepharoplasty involves removing lower eyelid fat through an incision on the back of the eyelid, eliminating the need for an external incision. Because there is no external incision, excess skin can not be removed during the surgery, but skin resurfacing with a chemical peel or carbon dioxide laser may be performed simultaneously. This allows for a faster recovery process. (From the Wikpedia article Blepharoplasty.)

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Recent Publications on Blepharoplasty:
Fat Management in Lower Lid Blepharoplasty. Aging of the lower eyelid involves a complex series of anatomic and...	20th November, 2009	Williams Center Plastic Surgery Specialists, Latham, New York.	Facial Plast Surg. 2009 Nov;25(4):234-244. Epub 2009 Nov 18. DOI Direct Link
[Management of Graves' orbitopathy. Comments on the EUGOGO consensus statement] INTRODUCTION AND AIM: The National Health Service (NHS) provides treatment...	18th November, 2009	Katedra i Klinika Chorob Wewnetrznych i Endokrynologii Warszawskigo	Endokrynol Pol. 2009 Jul-Aug;60(4):312-30.
Transcutaneous Lower Eyelid Blepharoplasty with Orbitomalar Suspension: Retrospective Review of 212 Consecutive Cases. BACKGROUND:: Midfacial aging is associated with increased demarcation of...	17th November, 2009	1Division of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 2Division of	Plast Reconstr Surg. 2009 Nov 13. DOI Direct Link
The Role of the Orbicularis Oculi Muscle and the Eyelid Crease in Optimizing Results in Aesthetic Upper Blepharoplasty: A New Look at the Surgical Treatment of Mild Upper Eyelid Fissure and Fold Asymmetries. ABSTRACT: One of the most common aesthetic and rejuvenative facial plastic...	17th November, 2009	Boca Raton; Florida Aesthetic Eyelid Plastic Surgery, Private Practice.	Plast Reconstr Surg. 2009 Nov 13. DOI Direct Link
Bridge of bone canthopexy. Bridge of bone canthopexy has utility when significant movements of...	13th November, 2009	Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.	Aesthet Surg J. 2009 Jul-Aug;29(4):323-9. DOI Direct Link
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Press Releases About Blepharoplasty:
Reportlinker Adds Cosmetic Surgery Procedures and Products - A US and European Market Review	17th November, 2009	Reportlinker	NEW YORK, Nov. 17 /PRNewswire/ -- Reportlinker.com announces that a new market research report is available in its catalogue. Cosmetic Surgery Procedures and Products - A US and European Market Review
Solta Medical Presents Expert Roundtable about Thermage(R) and Fraxel(R) Combination Treatments at ASLMS Annual Meeting	2nd April, 2009	Solta Medical, Inc.	NATIONAL HARBOR, Md, April 2 /PRNewswire-FirstCall/ -- Solta Medical, Inc. (Nasdaq: SLTM) will present an expert panel of physicians in skin tightening and resurfacing today from 6:00 pm to 8:00 pm at
New Survey Reveals 'The Lipstick Effect' With Non-Invasive Facial Plastic Surgery Procedures	16th March, 2009	American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery	Annual Survey of the American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Finds Consumers Spending More on Less Invasive and Less Expensive Procedures NEW YORK, March 16 /PRNewswire/ --
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery...In Brief	5th January, 2009	American Society of Plastic Surgeons	THE JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF PLASTIC SURGEONS ARLINGTON HEIGHTS, Ill., Jan. 5 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ -- The following is being released by the American Society of Plastic Surgeons: Can

BioNews Results for Blepharoplasty:
Bags under the eyes	KIMT.COM:  Oct 21 2009 3:40PM Matching: blepharoplasty
Reportlinker Adds US Cosmetic Surgery Procedures And Products Market Report	PR Newswire via Yahoo!:  Sep 10 2009 2:34PM Matching: blepharoplasty

Blepharoplasty Patents:
US Patent No.	Title
5763410	Kit for preparing a fibrin sealant
6077507	Method of making a composition comprising a fibrin monomer
6093561	Human lysophospholipase
6117109	Systems and methods for electrosurgical incisions on external skin surfaces
6176854	Percutaneous laser treatment
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