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Body Lice Parasitic
Sponsored by
www.Pediculosis.com
Head Lice are small blood-sucking, wingless
insects found on the human scalp. They are six legged creatures with claws,
which help them cling to and crawl through human hair. They live by feeding
off a human host, piercing their scalp with their mouthpart to draw out the
blood. Their survival needs necessitate spending their whole life cycle on a
human host.
Head Lice origin dates back to the origin of human life. Humans are
indispensable to their survival. Head lice are most commonly found in school
children, with the most vulnerable age being 4-11 years old. They do not
discriminate between rich or poor neither do they have any preference towards
dirty or clean hair.
Nature and Incidence of Head Lice
HEAD LICE also called, Pediculus Humanus Capitis are small
blood-sucking, wingless insects found on the human scalp. They are
approximately the size of a sesame seed and cannot jump or fly. They are six
legged creatures with claws, which help them cling to and crawl through human
hair.
Head Lice origins date back to the origin of human life. Their survival needs
necessitate spending their whole life cycle on a human host. They live by
feeding off their human host by piercing their scalp with its mouthpart to
draw out the blood.
Head to head contact with an infested person remains the most widely respected
scientific view of how head lice are spread from one host to another. There
are conflicting views amongst scientist as to whether lice can spread through
sharing pillows, hats or combs.
Occurrence of Head Lice
Any person can be infested with head lice irrespective of age, gender
or class. They are equally attracted to clean and dirty hair.
Head Lice are most commonly found in school children, the most vulnerable age
for catching head lice infestation remains 4-11 years.
Life Cycle of a Head Louse
The life cycle of a head louse can be classified in three distinctive stages,
egg, nymph and mature lice.
Louse eggs: This is the first stage in the life cycle of a
head louse. Louse eggs are usually laid at the base of hairs, about ˝ -inch
from the scalp, where they hatch after 7-10 days. They can camouflage their
presence by blending with the hair colour. A female louse can lay as many as
five to six eggs each day. The eggs attach to the human hair with a material
like super glue, which makes it difficult to remove these eggs.
The nymph: Lice eggs usually hatch within 7-10 days. Hatched eggs are
called nymphs. They are similar to an adult louse in characteristics but they
differ in size. Nymphs are much smaller than a mature louse. Nymphs moult
three times before becoming a mature head louse. This process takes 9-12
days.
Mature head lice: An adult head louse is approximately the
size of a sesame seed and can lay as many as 50-100 eggs in its lifetime. Head
Lice feed on human blood, making humans indispensable to their survival. Head
Lice cannot survive for more than 2 days if they fall off their human host.
Detection of Head Lice
The presence of head lice can be signalled by itching in response to bites
which instigates continuous head scratching that can be a symptom of head lice
infestation.
Visual evidence can be through the presence of lice, eggs or nits (empty
eggshells) in human hair. Behind the ears or at the nape of neck are the
favourite places for head lice to appear.
‘Detection combing’ with a fine toothed plastic comb remains one of the most
effective methods for detection of head lice. One detected, the comb can also
be used for removal of lice. It remains extremely important to use a comb with
optimum teeth spacing that allows no space for lice to escape and hence makes
the detection and removal, a hassle free and quick process.
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 (From the Wikpedia article Body Lice Parasitic.)Download PDF 
Recent Publications on Body Lice Parasitic: |  |
Host defence mediates interspecific competition in ectoparasites.
1. Interspecific competition influences which, how many and where species... | 5th November, 2008
| Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
| J Anim Ecol. 2008 May;77(3):558-64. Epub 2008 Jan 8.
DOI Direct Link |
Plastic detection comb better than visual screening for diagnosis of head louse infestation.
Finding lice can be difficult in head louse infestation. We compared a new... | 17th October, 2008
| Celal Bayar University Medical School Department of Parasitology, Manisa,
| Epidemiol Infect. 2008 Oct;136(10):1425-31. Epub 2008 Jan 4.
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Hyaluronidase of bloodsucking insects and its enhancing effect on leishmania infection in mice.
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| Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in
| PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2008 Sep 17;2(9):e294.
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Lice help illuminate the recent evolutionary history of an Australian bird.
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Interspecific hybridization of Eucalyptus as a potential tool to improve the bioactivity of essential oils against permethrin-resistant head lice from Argentina.
The essential oils extracted from Eucalyptus grandis, Eucalyptus... | 4th September, 2008
| Centro de Investigaciones de Plagas e Insecticidas (CITEFA-CONICET), Juan
| Bioresour Technol. 2008 Oct;99(15):7341-7. Epub 2008 Feb 7.
DOI Direct Link |
→View more research publications. |
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Wikipedia excerpt, where present, licenced under the GNU Free Documentation License. Resources from the NCBI applied. Selected MeSH subject headings created and maintained by the US NLM are used in conjunction with additional keywords. 2006-2008 MeSH. |