Electroretinography

Electroretinography, is used to measure the electrical responses of various cell types in the retina, including the light-sensitive cells and the ganglion cells. Electrodes are placed on the cornea and the skin near the eye. During a recording, the patient is watching a standardized stimulus and the resulting signal is interpreted in terms of its amplitude and time course. Stimuli include flashes and reversing checkerboard patterns . Applications are predominantly in Optometry and ophthalmology, where the electroretinogram is used for the diagnosis of various retinal diseases:*Retinitis pigmentosa and related hereditary degenerations*Retinitis pigmentosa sine pigmento*Retinitis punctata albescens*Leber's congenital amaurosis*Choroideremia*Gyrate atrophy of the retina and choroid*Goldman-Favre syndrome*Congenital stationary night blindness - normal a-wave indicates normal photoreceptors; absent b-wave indicates abnormality in the bipolar cell region.*X-linked juvenile retinoschisis*Achromatopsia*Cone dystrophies*Disorders mimicking retinitis pigmentosa*Usher SyndromeThe multifocal ERG is used to record separate responses for different retinal locations.Electroretinograms can be broken down into three components: an initial a-wave, caused by extracellular ionic currents generated by photoreceptors during phototransduction, the b-wave, which corresponds to bipolar cell activity, and the later c-wave, which is generated by the retinal pigment epithelium and Müller cells. Depending on the species the ERG is taken from, the c-wave may be positive, negative, or absent in part or in whole. (From the Wikpedia article Electroretinography.)

Download PDF containing detailed information.

Recent Publications on Electroretinography:
Impact of oral melatonin on the electroretinogram cone response. ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: In the eye, melatonin plays a role in promoting...	20th November, 2009		J Circadian Rhythms. 2009 Nov 19;7(1):14. DOI Direct Link
S-Adenosyl-l-methionine restores photoreceptor function following acute retinal ischemia. The survival and function of retinal neurons is dependent on mitochondrial...	19th November, 2009	The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane,	Vis Neurosci. 2009 Nov 18:1-13. DOI Direct Link
A new macular dystrophy with anomalous vascular development, pigment spots, cystic spaces, and neovascularization. OBJECTIVE: To clinically phenotype an inherited macular dystrophy with...	18th November, 2009	Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa Roy J.	Arch Ophthalmol. 2009 Nov;127(11):1449-57. DOI Direct Link
Vehicle used for triamcinolone acetonide is toxic to ocular tissues of the pigmented rabbit. PURPOSE: To investigate the potential toxicity of the vehicle used for...	17th November, 2009	Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated First People's Hospital,	Curr Eye Res. 2009 Sep;34(9):769-76.
Role of multifocal electroretinography in the diagnosis of idiopathic macular hole. Purpose: To analyse the preoperative results of multifocal...	13th November, 2009	Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.	Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2009 Nov 11. DOI Direct Link
→View more research publications.

BioNews Results for Electroretinography:
Paraneoplastic Retinopathy with Multiple Detachments of the Neurosensory Retina and Autoantibodies against Interphotoreceptor Retinoid Binding Protein (IRBP) in Cutaneous Melanoma	British Journal of Ophthalmology:  Oct 14 2009 11:42PM Matching: electroretinography
Pattern Electroretinography of Larger Stimulus Field Size and Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography in Patients with Stargardt Disease	British Journal of Ophthalmology:  Oct 14 2009 11:39PM Matching: electroretinography

Electroretinography Patents:
US Patent No.	Title
5646149	Compounds having both potent calcium antagonist and antioxidant activity and use thereof as cytoprotective agents
6490478	System and method for complexity analysis-based cardiac tachyarrhythmia detection
6531121	Protection and enhancement of erythropoietin-responsive cells, tissues and organs
6585972	Process for crosslinking of collagen in the vitreous of the eye and inducing separation of the posterior hyaloid from the retina
6610292	Use of hyaluronidase in the manufacture of an ophthalmic preparation for liquefying vitreous humor in the treatment of eye disorders
→View more patents.

BioPortfolio Ltd. offers e-mail and postal lists for Electroretinography scientists - we have details of around 1109 individuals working on Electroretinography .