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Malnutrition

Malnutrition is a general term for a medical condition caused by an improper or insufficient diet. It most often refers to undernutrition resulting from inadequate consumption, poor absorption, or excessive loss of nutrients, but the term can also encompass overnutrition, resulting from overeating or excessive intake of specific nutrients. An individual will experience malnutrition if the appropriate amount of, or quality of nutrients comprising a healthy diet are not consumed for an extended period of time. An extended period of malnutrition can result in starvation, disease, and infection.Malnutrition is the lack of sufficient nutrients to maintain healthy bodily functions and is typically associated with extreme poverty in economically developing countries. It is a common cause of reduced intelligence in parts of the world affected by famine. Malnutrition as the result of inappropriate dieting, overeating or the absence of a "balanced diet" is often observed in economically developed countries .Most commonly, malnourished people either do not have enough calories in their diet, or are eating a diet that lacks protein, vitamins, or trace minerals. Medical problems arising from malnutrition are commonly referred to as deficiency diseases. Scurvy is a well-known and now rare form of malnutrition, in which the victim is deficient in vitamin C.. Painting by Nikolai Getman, provided by Jamestown Foundation Common forms of malnutrition include protein-energy malnutrition and micronutrient malnutrition. PEM refers to inadequate availability or absorption of energy and proteins in the body. Micronutrient malnutrition refers to inadequate availability of some essential nutrients such as vitamins and trace elements that are required by the body in small quantities. Micronutrient deficiencies lead to a variety of diseases and impair normal functioning of the body. Deficiency in micronutrients such as Vitamin A reduces the capacity of the body to resist diseases. Deficiency in iron, iodine and vitamin A is widely prevalent and represent a major public health challenge. An array of afflictions ranging from stunted growth, reduced intelligence and various cognitive abilities, reduced sociability, reduced leadership and assertiveness, reduced activity and energy, reduced muscle growth and strength, and poorer health overall are directly implicated to nutrient deficiencies. Also, another, although rare, effect of malnutrition is black spots appearing on the skin.Hunger is the normal psychological response brought on by the physiological condition of needing food. Hunger can also affect the mental state of a person, and is often used as a metonym for general undernourishment. (From the Wikpedia article Malnutrition.)

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Recent Publications on Malnutrition:

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Review: evidence is lacking on the effectiveness of dietary advice in illness-related malnutrition.
AIM: To analyze the importance in predicting patients risk of mortality...
28th June, 2008
University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia. Evid Based Nurs. 2008 Jul;11(3):80.
DOI Direct Link
Neuroendocrine dysregulation of food intake in eating disorders.
Anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) are psychiatric disorders...
28th June, 2008
Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples SUN, Largo Madonna delle Regul Pept. 2008 Mar 25;.
DOI Direct Link
Screening the nutritional status in oncology: a preliminary report on 1,000 outpatients.
OBJECTIVE: This study presents the preliminary data of a prospective...
27th June, 2008
Department of Surgery, Hospital of Prato, piazza dell' Ospedale 5, 59100, Support Care Cancer. 2008 Jun 26;.
DOI Direct Link
Phrynoderma: a forgotten entity in a developed country.
Phrynoderma is a type of follicular hyperkeratosis attributed to various...
27th June, 2008
Division of Dermatology, Changi General Hospital, 2 Simei Street 3, Singapore Med J. 2008 Jun;49(6):e160-2.
Latent effects of prenatal malnutrition on adult health: the example of schizophrenia.
It is well established that malnutrition in children has adverse effects...
27th June, 2008
Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2008 Jun;1136:185-92.
DOI Direct Link

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BioNews Results for Malnutrition:

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Malnutrition linked to worse MTB prognosis
MedWire News:  Jun 11 2008 1:37AM Matching: malnutrition
Malnutrition kills directly, not indirectly
Lancet:  May 23 2008 11:15AM Matching: malnutrition
CBS says McCain's health good and no cancer recurrence
Yahoo! UK and Ireland:  May 23 2008 9:12PM Matching: malnutrition
'Cancer train' offers uncertain route out of despair in India
Yahoo! UK and Ireland:  May 23 2008 5:32PM Matching: malnutrition
McCain has had no recurrence of skin cancer
Yahoo! UK and Ireland:  May 23 2008 4:19PM Matching: malnutrition
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Malnutrition Clinical Trials:

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Doxorubicin and Cyclophosphamide in Treating Older Women With Stage I, Stage II, or Stage III Breast Cancer That Has Been Removed By Surgery
Breast Cancer;   Cognitive/Functional Effects;   Depression;   Malnutrition;   Psychosocial Effects/Treatment
ProStat Supplementation in Dialysis Patients
Malnutrition;   ESRD
Anabolic Steroids for Nutritional Rehabilitation of Critically Ill Patients
Malnutrition;   Critical Illness
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of a Protein Pulse-Feeding Pattern in Elderly Patients
Protein-Energy Malnutrition
Randomized, Controlled Trial - Lactoferrin Prevention of Diarrhea in Children
Diarrhea;   Malnutrition

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Malnutrition Patents:

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US Patent No.Title
7338766 Compositions and methods for treating malaria with cupredoxin and cytochrome
7348318 .alpha.-Amino-N-(diaminophosphinyl)lactam derivatives
7354896 Administration of leptin
7354906 Composition of anti-HIV drugs and anti-cortisol compounds and method for decreasing the side effects of anti-HIV drugs in a human
7354923 Piperazine melanocortin-specific compounds

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Companies working in the area of Malnutrition from Bioportfolio's Biocorporate database :

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Company Name

Bioscreen

Bioscreen is an Australian Company focused on leading the world in the physiological analysis, diagnosis and prescription of therapeutics for people with metabolic imbalances and cellular malnutrition...
www.bioscreen.com.au/        View full profile
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Ibio

IBIO is a life sciences industry association comprised of International agricultural and human health companies combating disease and malnutrition worldwide Established small and medium sized...
www.ibio.org/        View full profile
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INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE

IFPRI’s vision is a world free of hunger and malnutrition. The vision is based on the human right to adequate food and nutrition and recognition of the inherent dignity of all members of the human...
www.ifpri.org/        View full profile
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BioPortfolio Ltd. offers e-mail and postal lists for Malnutrition scientists - we have details of around 2333 individuals working on Malnutrition .


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Wikipedia excerpt, where present, licenced under the GNU Free Documentation License. Resources from the NCBI applied. Selected MeSH subject headings created and maintained by the US NLM are used in conjunction with additional keywords. 2006-2008 MeSH.
 

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