Tachyphylaxis

Tachyphylaxis is a medical term describing a rapidly decreasing response to a drug following administration of the initial doses.Examples of tachyphylaxis are the following :*Nitroglycerine demonstrates tachyphylaxis, requiring drug-free intervals when administered transdermally*Repeated doses of ephedrine may display tachyphylaxis, since it is an indirectly acting sympathomimetic amine which will deplete noradrenaline from the nerve terminal. Thus repeated doses result in less noradrenaline being released than the initial dose.*Nicotine may also show tachyphylaxis over the course of a day, although the mechanism of this action is unclear.*Hydralazine displays tachyphylaxis if given as a monotherapy for antihypertensive treament. It is administered with a beta-blocker with or without a diuretic.*Metoclopramide is another example.*Dobutamine, a direct-acting beta agonist used in congestive heart failure, also demonstrate tachyphylaxis.*Desmopressin used in the treatment of type 1 von Willebrand disease is generally given every 12-24 hours in limited numbers due to its tachyphylactic properties.*Hormone replacement when used in menopausal women, oestrogen and progesterone implants can lead to tachyphylaxis (From the Wikpedia article Tachyphylaxis.)

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Recent Publications on Tachyphylaxis:
Repeated administration of ET(B) receptor agonist, IRL-1620, produces tachyphylaxis only to its hypotensive effect. IRL-1620, a highly selective ET(B) receptor agonist, is presently in a...	18th November, 2009	Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA.	Pharmacol Res. 2009 Nov;60(5):402-10. Epub 2009 Aug 8. DOI Direct Link
Investigation of the role of neutralizing antibodies against bevacizumab as mediators of tachyphylaxis. Ischemic focal ventricular tachycardia (VT) occurs in animals and humans....	11th November, 2009	Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Research, National Eye Institute,	Acta Ophthalmol. 2009 Nov 7. DOI Direct Link
Disparate response to metoclopramide therapy for gastric feeding intolerance in trauma patients with and without traumatic brain injury. Patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) have delayed gastric emptying...	7th November, 2009	Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science	JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2009 Nov-Dec;33(6):646-55. DOI Direct Link
Intrarenal artery superoxide is mainly NADPH oxidase-derived and modulates endothelium-dependent dilation in elderly patients. AIMS: The present study was performed to investigate the contribution of...	22nd October, 2009	Department of Physiology, University Clinics of Greifswald, Greifswald,	Cardiovasc Res. 2009 Nov 12. DOI Direct Link
Melancholia as a useful subtype of major depression. BACKGROUND: Kisspeptin is a critical regulator of normal reproductive...	22nd October, 2009		J Clin Psychiatry. 2009 Sep;70(9):1326. DOI Direct Link
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Tachyphylaxis Patents:
US Patent No.	Title
7081239	Methods for manipulating upper gastrointestinal transit, blood flow, and satiety, and for treating visceral hyperalgesia
7230029	Fatty acid analogues for the treatment of proliferative skin disorders
7244412	Methods for manipulating upper gastrointestinal transit, blood flow, and satiety, and for treating visceral hyperalgesia
7244701	Diuretic peptide conjugate
7256172	Method of treatment and agents useful for same
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