Tachyphylaxis

Tachyphylaxis is a medical term describing a rapidly decreasing response to a drug following administration of the initial doses.Examples of tachyphylaxis are the following :*Nitroglycerine demonstrates tachyphylaxis, requiring drug-free intervals when administered transdermally*Repeated doses of ephedrine may display tachyphylaxis, since it is an indirectly acting sympathomimetic amine which will deplete noradrenaline from the nerve terminal. Thus repeated doses result in less noradrenaline being released than the initial dose.*Nicotine may also show tachyphylaxis over the course of a day, although the mechanism of this action is unclear.*Hydralazine displays tachyphylaxis if given as a monotherapy for antihypertensive treament. It is administered with a beta-blocker with or without a diuretic.*Metoclopramide is another example.*Dobutamine, a direct-acting beta agonist used in congestive heart failure, also demonstrate tachyphylaxis.*Desmopressin used in the treatment of type 1 von Willebrand disease is generally given every 12-24 hours in limited numbers due to its tachyphylactic properties.*Hormone replacement when used in menopausal women, oestrogen and progesterone implants can lead to tachyphylaxis (From the Wikpedia article Tachyphylaxis.)

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Recent Publications on Tachyphylaxis:
Green tea extract reduces induction of p53 and apoptosis in UVB-irradiated human skin independent of transcriptional controls. Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation plays a pivotal role in human skin...	18th July, 2008	Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich,	Exp Dermatol. 2008 Jul 9;. DOI Direct Link
Neurokinin 2 receptor-mediated activation of protein kinase C modulates capsaicin responses in DRG neurons from adult rats. Patch-clamp techniques and Ca2+ imaging were used to examine the...	5th July, 2008	Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh,	Eur J Neurosci. 2008 Jun;27(12):3171-81. DOI Direct Link
[Does new antihistamines characterize tachyphylaxis phenomenon?] THE AIM OF THE STUDY: was to estimate the skin microcirculation reactivity...	17th June, 2008	Klinika Chorob Infekcyjnych i Alergologii CSK MON Wojskowego Instytutu	Otolaryngol Pol. 2007;61(5):898-901.
The analgesic drug, tramadol, acts as an agonist of the transient receptor potential vanilloid-1. BACKGROUND: Tramadol is an effective analgesic substance widely used in...	6th June, 2008	Department of Physiology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health	Anesth Analg. 2008 Jun;106(6):1890-6. DOI Direct Link
Long-term safety and effectiveness of sildenafil citrate in men with erectile dysfunction. Because sildenafil citrate is a treatment, not a cure, for erectile...	3rd June, 2008	Medical Affiliated Research Center Huntsville, AL, USA.	Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2007 Dec;3(6):975-981.
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Tachyphylaxis Clinical Trials:
Differential Adrenoreceptor Mediated Tachyphylaxis and Upregulation	Allergic Rhinitis;   Tachyphylaxis;   Rhinitis Medicamentosa

Tachyphylaxis Patents:
US Patent No.	Title
6693078	Insulin-like growth factor agonist molecules
6780882	Substituted benzimidazole dosage forms and method of using same
6809079	Compositions and methods for treating female sexual arousal disorder using hydrophobic-calcitonin gene related peptide
6838429	Atopic dermatitis treatment method
6841177	Pharmacological activities of curcuma longa extracts
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