Neonatal hypoglycemia resulting in occipital cerebral injury.
Summary of "Neonatal hypoglycemia resulting in occipital cerebral injury."
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Affiliation
Department of Radiology, Penn State University Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17036, USA, kvijay@hmc.psu.edu.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: Pediatric radiology
ISSN: 1432-1998
Pages:
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21052655
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00247-010-1901-6
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Hypoglycemia
A syndrome of abnormally low BLOOD GLUCOSE level. Clinical hypoglycemia has diverse etiologies. Severe hypoglycemia eventually lead to glucose deprivation of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM resulting in HUNGER; SWEATING; PARESTHESIA; impaired mental function; SEIZURES; COMA; and even DEATH.
Encephalomalacia
Softening or loss of brain tissue following CEREBRAL INFARCTION; cerebral ischemia (see BRAIN ISCHEMIA), infection, CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA, or other injury. The term is often used during gross pathologic inspection to describe blurred cortical margins and decreased consistency of brain tissue following infarction. Multicystic encephalomalacia refers to the formation of multiple cystic cavities of various sizes in the cerebral cortex of neonates and infants following injury, most notably perinatal hypoxia-ischemic events. (From Davis et al., Textbook of Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p665; J Neuropathol Exp Neurol, 1995 Mar;54(2):268-75)
Occipital Lobe
Posterior part of the cerebral hemisphere.
Posterior Cerebral Artery
Artery formed by the bifurcation of the BASILAR ARTERY. Branches of the posterior cerebral artery supply portions of the OCCIPITAL LOBE; PARIETAL LOBE; inferior temporal gyrus, brainstem, and CHOROID PLEXUS.
Persistent Hyperinsulinemia Hypoglycemia Of Infancy
A form of nontransient HYPOGLYCEMIA, unique to infancy, due to autosomal recessive mutations of the sulfonylurea receptor gene on CHROMOSOME 11. Defects in the sulfonylurea receptors (ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS) on the PANCREATIC BETA CELLS prevent negative feedback of GLUCOSE-regulated INSULIN release thus resulting in HYPERINSULINEMIA. Clinical phenotype includes SEIZURES; COMA; and often large BIRTH WEIGHT for GESTATIONAL AGE.
PubMed Articles
Hypoglycemia-Occipital Syndrome: A Specific Neurologic Syndrome Following Neonatal Hypoglycemia?
This study attempted to elaborate the existence of a specific neurologic pattern observed in children who experienced neonatal hypoglycemia. Twenty-seven patients with seizure and history of neonatal...
Cerebral metabolism and functioning depends upon an adequate blood glucose supply which provides for majority of the brain's energy requirement. Studies from the past have shown that neonatal hypoglyc...
The brain of a human neonate is more vulnerable to hypoglycemia than that of pediatric and adult patients. Repetitive and profound hypoglycemia during the neonatal period (RPHN) causes brain damage an...
Hypoglycemia in a neonate is defined as blood sugar value below 40 mg/dL. It is commonly associated with a variety of neonatal conditions like prematurity, intrauterine growth restriction and maternal...
Characteristics of infants admitted with hypoglycemia to a neonatal unit.
Abstract Background: Neonatal hypoglycemia is a common symptom in early infant life. The currently available literature identifies the risk factors but not the degree to which each factor lends itself...
Clinical Trials
Diffusion-Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and the Evaluation of Perinatal Brain Injury
The researchers' objective is to use diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) to evaluate infants diagnosed with cerebral white matter injury during the neonatal period and identify antenatal risk f...
Early Breast Feeding and Glucose Levels in High Risk Newborns
Early breast feeding has shown to be important to mother-infant bonding and is associated with longer duration of breast feeding. However, little data is available regarding its contributi...
The highest risk for perinatal brain injury occurs among extremely premature infants who weigh less than 1250 grams at birth. Such perinatal brain injury is currently irreversible, associa...
Study of How Low Blood Sugar Affects the Way Blood Vessels Work
Hypothesis: Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) decreases function of the lining of the blood vessels in normal humans. This study is designed to explore how hypoglycemia affects the function...
Metabolic Causes of Thrombosis in Type 2 Diabetes - Question 4
Hypoglycemia occurs frequently in intensively treated patients with diabetes. Although hypoglycemia was thought to occur almost exclusively in T1DM, with the advent of improved metabolic...
