Arterial baroreflex modulation influences postural sway.
Summary of "Arterial baroreflex modulation influences postural sway."
OBJECTIVE:
Although considered mainly a random function, postural sway is influenced by physiological factors such as respiration. A direct effect of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) on posture has never been demonstrated. To test this hypothesis, we used a pure motion-independent autonomic stimulus (neck suction) to modulate the carotid baroreceptors on a broad frequency range, distinct from that of respiration.
METHODS:
Thirteen healthy subjects (age 26 ± 5 years) were studied upright, eyes closed, and on a force platform during controlled breathing (15 breath/min, 0.25 Hz), with and without stimulation of arterial baroreceptors by sinusoidal neck suction (0 to -30 mmHg pressure) at different frequencies (0.05, 0.10, 0.125, 0.15, 0.175, 0.20, 0.30 Hz), for eight periods lasting 2 min each. The increase in sway, R-R interval and blood pressure induced at each stimulation frequency was measured by spectral analysis.
RESULTS:
With neck suction, we observed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in oscillations synchronous in the R-R interval (from 0.10 to 0.20 Hz), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (from 0.05 to 0.15 Hz) and sway (from 0.10 to 0.30 Hz in both the antero-posterior and medio-lateral planes). Changes were greater in the left than in the right foot.
CONCLUSION:
Our study shows that postural sway is modulated by the ANS and is influenced by phasic stimulation of the arterial (carotid) baroreceptors. Our findings have potentially important clinical implications in the development of treatment strategies for pathological conditions in which alterations in posture and autonomic function coexist and could be mutually influenced.
Affiliation
Department of Internal Medicine, Clinica Medica 2, University of Pavia, IRCCS S.Matteo, 27100, Pavia, Italy, lbern1ps@unipv.it.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society
ISSN: 1619-1560
Pages:
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21184247
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10286-010-0099-x
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Baroreflex
A response by the BARORECEPTORS to increased BLOOD PRESSURE. Increased pressure stretches BLOOD VESSELS which activates the baroreceptors in the vessel walls. The net response of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM is a reduction of central sympathetic outflow. This reduces blood pressure both by decreasing peripheral VASCULAR RESISTANCE and by lowering CARDIAC OUTPUT. Because the baroreceptors are tonically active, the baroreflex can compensate rapidly for both increases and decreases in blood pressure.
Antigenic Modulation
Loss of detectable antigen from the surface of a cell after incubation with antibodies. This is one method in which some tumors escape detection by the immune system. Antigenic modulation of target antigens also reduces the therapeutic effectiveness of treatment by monoclonal antibodies.
Postural Balance
A POSTURE in which an ideal body mass distribution is achieved. Postural balance provides the body carriage stability and conditions for normal functions in stationary position or in movement, such as sitting, standing, or walking.
Atherosclerosis
Thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of medium and large muscular ARTERIES with lesions in the innermost layer of the artery (ARTERIAL INTIMA). This disease process of atherogenesis includes the retention of cholesterol-rich LIPOPROTEINS and their binding to PROTEOGLYCANS in the arterial intima, generation of proinflammatory molecules that recruit MACROPHAGES to the subendothelial space, formation of FOAM CELLS, and eventual calcification of the arterial wall. These arterial plaques (atheromas) contain CARBOHYDRATES; BLOOD; and CALCIUM.
Embolism, Cholesterol
Blocking of a blood vessel by CHOLESTEROL-rich atheromatous deposits, generally occurring in the flow from a large artery to small arterial branches. It is also called arterial-arterial embolization or atheroembolism which may be spontaneous or iatrogenic. Patients with spontaneous atheroembolism often have painful, cyanotic digits of acute onset.
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