The paradox of 20q11.21 amplification in a subset of cases of myeloid malignancy with chromosome 20 deletion.
Summary of "The paradox of 20q11.21 amplification in a subset of cases of myeloid malignancy with chromosome 20 deletion."
Deletion of the long arm of one chromosome 20 (del(20q)) is a well-recognized abnormality in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and is presumed to cause loss of a tumor suppressor gene at 20q12. In a previously published series of MDS and AML cases, which had lost this region via unbalanced translocation, around 40% of cases were shown to have additional copies of the chromosome 20 abnormalities, with resulting gain or amplification of the retained parts of chromosome 20, most often 20q11.2. We have used FISH and array comparative genomic hybridization, to define further the retained and amplified regions. We now report targeted amplification of 20q11.21 in four of the 22 cases selected for further study and in one new case. The shortest amplified region of 250 kb in a series of five patients with three to ten copies of the 20q11.21 region contained the complete HCK, TM9SF4, PLAGL2, and POFUT1 genes. By RT-PCR we have shown that there is correlation between amplification and increased expression of these four genes in most cases. Localized and high level amplification of the common 250 kb region is evidence for activation of an oncogene in this region in these MDS and AML cases. Cases with 20q11.21 amplification tended to have a high proportion of erythroblasts in the marrow, with two cases diagnosed as erythroleukemia (AML-M6). Chromosome sub-band 20q11.21 amplification may therefore prove to be a marker of a specific subset of AML/MDS with a significant erythroid component. (c) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Affiliation
Victorian Cancer Cytogenetics Service, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: Genes, chromosomes & cancer
ISSN: 1098-2264
Pages:
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20645416
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gcc.20806
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute
Clonal expansion of myeloid blasts in bone marrow, blood, and other tissue. Myeloid leukemias develop from changes in cells that normally produce NEUTROPHILS; BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and MONOCYTES.
Sarcoma, Myeloid
An extramedullary tumor of immature MYELOID CELLS or MYELOBLASTS. Granulocytic sarcoma usually occurs with or follows the onset of ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA.
Leukemia, Myeloid
Form of leukemia characterized by an uncontrolled proliferation of the myeloid lineage and their precursors (MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS) in the bone marrow and other sites.
Leukemia, Myeloid, Accelerated Phase
The phase of chronic myeloid leukemia following the chronic phase (LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, CHRONIC-PHASE), where there are increased systemic symptoms, worsening cytopenias, and refractory LEUKOCYTOSIS.
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