A review of PARP inhibitors: from bench to bedside.
Summary of "A review of PARP inhibitors: from bench to bedside."
BACKGROUND:
Poly(adenosine diphosphate [ADP]-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, with novel and selective mechanisms of action, have moved from the laboratory to the clinic in just the last few years. Design: We conducted an extensive review of PARP inhibitors using a Medline search. We also searched abstracts in databases of major international oncology meetings from the last 4 years.
RESULTS:
To understand the mechanisms of action of PARP inhibitors requires a basic understanding of DNA repair mechanisms and the critical role of the PARP enzyme. We briefly review these DNA repair mechanisms, the concept of 'synthetic lethality', and how PARP inhibitors play a role to selectively disrupt DNA repair in cells with absent or dysfunctional BRCA genes. We review the preclinical data highlighting this unique and selective mechanism of action and we discuss early but highly promising clinical data and ongoing studies.
CONCLUSION:
PARP inhibitors show promise as a powerful therapeutic tool, especially in the management of BRCA-associated breast and ovarian cancers but also in tumours where BRCA genes may be dysfunctional. Clinical studies are ongoing and many translational questions remain unanswered that will help clarify how to determine the best way to use PARP inhibitors.
Affiliation
Department of Medical Oncology, Insitut Bergonié Cancer Center and University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology / ESMO
ISSN: 1569-8041
Pages:
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20643861
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annonc/mdq322
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Concurrent Review
Review of the medical necessity of hospital or other health facility admissions, upon or within a short time following an admission, and periodic review of services provided during the course of treatment.
Drug Utilization Review
Formal programs for assessing drug prescription against some standard. Drug utilization review may consider clinical appropriateness, cost effectiveness, and, in some cases, outcomes. Review is usually retrospective, but some analysis may be done before drugs are dispensed (as in computer systems which advise physicians when prescriptions are entered). Drug utilization review is mandated for Medicaid programs beginning in 1993.
Professional Review Organizations
Organizations representing designated geographic areas which have contracts under the PRO program to review the medical necessity, appropriateness, quality, and cost-effectiveness of care received by Medicare beneficiaries. Peer Review Improvement Act, PL 97-248, 1982.
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Published materials which provide an examination of recent or current literature. Review articles can cover a wide range of subject matter at various levels of completeness and comprehensiveness based on analyses of literature that may include research findings. The review may reflect the state of the art. It also includes reviews as a literary form.
Insurance Claim Review
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