The globe: infection, inflammation, and systemic disease.
Summary of "The globe: infection, inflammation, and systemic disease."
Infection, inflammation, and systemic diseases affecting the globe encompass a broad range of pathologies which may ultimately lead to progressive vision loss. Clinical symptomatology varies from the inexorably silent progressive visual loss to an acute presentation of ocular pain and/or red eye. Most are diagnosed by clinical ophthalmologic examination with selective use of ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging for confirmation of the diagnosis, assessment of disease extent, and signs of associated systemic disease. Knowledge of the differential diagnoses of vision loss, ocular pain, and redness makes imaging analysis of this diverse group of processes more precise.
Affiliation
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: Seminars in ultrasound, CT, and MR
ISSN: 0887-2171
Pages: 38-50
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21277490
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.sult.2010.12.003
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Panophthalmitis
Acute suppurative inflammation of the inner eye with necrosis of the sclera (and sometimes the cornea) and extension of the inflammation into the orbit. Pain may be severe and the globe may rupture. In endophthalmitis the globe does not rupture.
Mycobacterium Avium-intracellulare Infection
A nontuberculous infection when occurring in humans. It is characterized by pulmonary disease, lymphadenitis in children, and systemic disease in AIDS patients. Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infection of birds and swine results in tuberculosis.
Optic Neuritis
Inflammation of the optic nerve. Commonly associated conditions include autoimmune disorders such as MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, infections, and granulomatous diseases. Clinical features include retro-orbital pain that is aggravated by eye movement, loss of color vision, and contrast sensitivity that may progress to severe visual loss, an afferent pupillary defect (Marcus-Gunn pupil), and in some instances optic disc hyperemia and swelling. Inflammation may occur in the portion of the nerve within the globe (neuropapillitis or anterior optic neuritis) or the portion behind the globe (retrobulbar neuritis or posterior optic neuritis).
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
A spectrum of inflammation involving the female upper genital tract and the supporting tissues. It is usually caused by an ascending infection of organisms from the endocervix. Infection may be confined to the uterus (ENDOMETRITIS), the FALLOPIAN TUBES; (SALPINGITIS); the ovaries (OOPHORITIS), the supporting ligaments (PARAMETRITIS), or may involve several of the above uterine appendages. Such inflammation can lead to functional impairment and infertility.
Conjunctivitis, Viral
Inflammation, often mild, of the conjunctiva caused by a variety of viral agents. Conjunctival involvement may be part of a systemic infection.
PubMed Articles
Systemic inflammation and Alzheimer's Disease.
There is a great deal of evidence suggesting an important role for systemic inflammation in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease. The role of systemic inflammation, and indeed inflammation in gener...
Presumed occult globe rupture resulting in sympathetic ophthalmia.
INTRODUCTION: Sympathetic ophthalmia (SO) is an uncommon bilateral granulomatous panuveitis following uveal trauma to one eye. We present an unusual case of SO which resulted fro...
Contribution of systemic inflammation to chronic neurodegeneration.
Systemic infection or inflammation gives rise to signals that communicate with the brain and leads to changes in metabolism and behaviour collectively known as sickness behaviour. In healthy young ind...
Orbital Necrobiotic Xanthogranuloma Associated With Systemic IgG4 Disease.
Purpose: The authors describe 2 cases of orbital xanthogranulomatous disease associated with an increase in IgG4-positive plasma cells, and also examine IgG4 in other types of orbital inflammation. Me...
Proinflammatory cytokines, sickness behavior, and Alzheimer disease.
In Alzheimer disease (AD), systemic inflammation is known to give rise to a delirium. However, systemic inflammation also gives rise to other centrally mediated symptoms in the absence of a delirium,...
Clinical Trials
Effects of Periodontal Therapy on Systemic Inflammation
The purpose of this study is to determine if treating periodontal infections (gum disease) will reduce markers of systemic inflammation in patients at risk of cardiovascular diseases.
Inhaled Steroid Reduces Systemic Inflammation in COPD
Systemic inflammation is present in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which has been linked to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. We determined the effects of oral and inh...
The Effect of Glutamine on Systemic Inflammation During Human Experimental Endotoxemia
Glutamine levels decrease during severe sepsis; this may be associated with increased mortality. The investigators tested the effects of glutamine supplementation on systemic inflammation...
Vaginal, Oral and Systemic Inflammation in Preterm Birth
The prevalence of preterm birth is not decreasing in the last decades despite of improving health care. Intrauterine infections are important in the etiology of preterm birth but the inter...
The Effect of Long Term Inhaled Corticosteroids on the Risk of Cardiovascular Morbidities
Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. It is the second leading cause of death in Hong Kong. The disease burden is huge and effective control measure...
