Motor cortex inhibition: A marker of ADHD behavior and motor development in children.
Summary of "Motor cortex inhibition: A marker of ADHD behavior and motor development in children."
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a childhood-onset behavioral diagnosis in which children often fail to meet age norms in development of motor control, particularly timed repetitive and sequential movements, motor overflow, and balance. The neural substrate of this motor delay may include mechanisms of synaptic inhibition in or adjacent to the motor cortex. The primary objective of this study was to determine whether transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)-evoked measures, particularly short interval cortical inhibition (SICI), in motor cortex correlate with the presence and severity of ADHD in childhood as well as with commonly observed delays in motor control.
Affiliation
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Laboratory, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039 donald.gilbert@cchmc.org.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: Neurology
ISSN: 1526-632X
Pages: 615-21
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21321335
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0b013e31820c2ebd
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Paraparesis, Spastic
Mild or moderate loss of motor function accompanied by spasticity in the lower extremities. This condition is a manifestation of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES that cause injury to the motor cortex or descending motor pathways.
Motor Cortex
Area of the frontal lobe concerned with primary motor control. It lies anterior to the central sulcus.
Motor Skills Disorders
Marked impairments in the development of motor coordination such that the impairment interferes with activities of daily living. (From DSM-IV, 1994)
Motor Neuron Disease
Diseases characterized by a selective degeneration of the motor neurons of the spinal cord, brainstem, or motor cortex. Clinical subtypes are distinguished by the major site of degeneration. In AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS there is involvement of upper, lower, and brainstem motor neurons. In progressive muscular atrophy and related syndromes (see MUSCULAR ATROPHY, SPINAL) the motor neurons in the spinal cord are primarily affected. With progressive bulbar palsy (BULBAR PALSY, PROGRESSIVE), the initial degeneration occurs in the brainstem. In primary lateral sclerosis, the cortical neurons are affected in isolation. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1089)
Higher Nervous Activity
A term used in Eastern European research literature on brain and behavior physiology for cortical functions. It refers to the highest level of integrative function of the brain, centered in the CEREBRAL CORTEX, regulating language, thought, and behavior via sensory, motor, and cognitive processes.
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