Sphingosine 1-phosphate, sphingosine kinase and autocrine calcium signalling in thyroid cells.
Summary of "Sphingosine 1-phosphate, sphingosine kinase and autocrine calcium signalling in thyroid cells."
In many cell types metabolites of sphingomyelin have a profound role in cellular signalling. One particular field where these derivatives have obtained a crucial role is calcium signalling. This is an interesting aspect on how lipids may wield their physiological role, as calcium is probably one of the most versatile signalling molecules in the cell, and modulation of calcium signalling may have profound effects on cellular physiology. In this review we discuss a novel aspect of sphingolipid signalling, i.e. the autocrine role of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) in regulating calcium entry in thyroid cells. Although many investigations have highlighted the importance of S1P as a regulator of both calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum and calcium entry through plasma membrane channels, the autocrine mechanism presented here introduces a new aspect of S1P signalling in thyroid cells. This mechanism may be physiologically relevant in many other cell types, including cancer cells.
Affiliation
Department of Biosciences, Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland, and The Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, 00290 Helsinki, Finland.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: Acta physiologica (Oxford, England)
ISSN: 1748-1716
Pages:
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21338471
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-1716.2011.02265.x
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Receptors, Lysosphingolipid
A subfamily of lysophospholipid receptors with specificity for LYSOSPHINGOLIPIDS such as sphingosine-1-phosphate and sphingosine phosphorylcholine.
Sphingosine
An amino alcohol with a long unsaturated hydrocarbon chain. Sphingosine and its derivative sphinganine are the major bases of the sphingolipids in mammals. (Dorland, 28th ed)
Sphingosine N-acyltransferase
An enzyme that catalyzes the acyltransferase of SPHINGOSINE to N-acylsphingosine using acyl-COENZYME A as donor and COENZYME A as acceptor. The enzyme is mainly localized in the MITOCHONDRIA.
Receptors, Lysophospholipid
A family of G-protein-coupled receptors that bind to specific LYSOPHOSPHOLIPIDS such as lysophosphatidic acid and lysosphinglipids such as sphingosine-1-phosphate. They play an important role in the formation and function of the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.
Phospholipids
Lipids containing one or more phosphate groups, particularly those derived from either glycerol (phosphoglycerides see GLYCEROPHOSPHOLIPIDS) or sphingosine (SPHINGOLIPIDS). They are polar lipids that are of great importance for the structure and function of cell membranes and are the most abundant of membrane lipids, although not stored in large amounts in the system.
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