Phosphatidylethanol in blood (B-PEth): A marker for alcohol use and abuse.
Summary of "Phosphatidylethanol in blood (B-PEth): A marker for alcohol use and abuse."
Phosphatidylethanol (PEth) represents a group of glycerophospholipid homologues where ethanol by phospholipase D has been bound at the position that normally contains an amino-alcohol. Since the formation of PEth is specifically dependent on ethanol, the diagnostic specificity of PEth as an alcohol biomarker is theoretically 100%. The half-life of PEth in blood is approximately 4 days. The amount of alcohol consumed correlates to blood concentration of PEth and PEth has been shown to be a more sensitive indicator of alcohol consumption than traditional alcohol markers, such as CDT (carbohydrate-deficient transferrin), GGT (γ-glutamyl transferase), and MCV (mean corpuscular volume) or a combination of these. Almost all clinical data so far available are based on a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with limited analytical sensitivity. With the advent of methods with considerably higher analytical sensitivity (e.g. mass spectrometric methods), clinical sensitivity will increase correspondingly. The possibility of determining very low concentrations of PEth by new sensitive analytical techniques may, however, have both ethical and legal consequences that have to be considered. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Affiliation
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Chemistry and Pharmacology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden. anders.isaksson@skane.se.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: Drug testing and analysis
ISSN: 1942-7611
Pages:
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21438164
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dta.278
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Cytochrome P-450 Cyp2e1
An ethanol-inducible cytochrome P450 enzyme that metabolizes several precarcinogens, drugs, and solvents to reactive metabolites. Substrates include alcohol; NITROSAMINES; BENZENE; URETHANE; and other low molecular weight compounds. CYP2E1 has been used as an enzyme marker in the study of alcohol abuse.
National Institute On Alcohol Abuse And Alcoholism (u.s.)
Component of the NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH. It conducts research focused on improving the treatment and prevention of alcoholism and alcohol-related problems to reduce the health, social, and economic consequences of this disease. NIAAA, NIMH, and NIDA were created as coequal institutes within the Alcohol, Drug Abuse and Mental Health Administration in 1974. It was established within the NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH in 1992.
Alcohol-induced Disorders
Disorders stemming from the misuse and abuse of alcohol.
Alcohol Withdrawal Seizures
A condition where seizures occur in association with ethanol abuse (ALCOHOLISM) without other identifiable causes. Seizures usually occur within the first 6-48 hours after the cessation of alcohol intake, but may occur during periods of alcohol intoxication. Single generalized tonic-clonic motor seizures are the most common subtype, however, STATUS EPILEPTICUS may occur. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1174)
National Institute On Drug Abuse (u.s.)
Component of the NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH. It supports a comprehensive research portfolio that focuses on the biological, social, behavioral and neuroscientific bases of drug abuse on the body and brain as well as its causes, prevention, and treatment. NIDA, NIAAA, and NIMH were created as coequal institutes within the Alcohol, Drug Abuse and Mental Health Administration in 1974. It was established within the NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH in 1992.
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