The impact of contralateral mastectomy on mortality in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers with breast cancer.
Summary of "The impact of contralateral mastectomy on mortality in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers with breast cancer."
Among women with breast cancer and a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation, the lifetime risk of breast cancer may be as high as 40%. Many physicians recommend prophylactic contralateral mastectomy, which is an effective measure of minimising the risk of contralateral cancer. The benefits of preventive contralateral mastectomy are apparent within 10 years, in terms of preventing cancer, but a much longer time period is required in order to demonstrate a reduction in mortality. Under the simple model presented here, among women who retain the contralateral breast, 0.4% of women are expected to die of contralateral breast cancer within 5 years, but 6.8% are expected to die at 20 years from diagnosis. These unnecessary deaths can be prevented by bilateral mastectomy.
Affiliation
Womens College Research Institute and Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 790 Bay Street, Room 750, Toronto, ON, M5G 1N8, Canada, steven.narod@wchospital.ca.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: Breast cancer research and treatment
ISSN: 1573-7217
Pages:
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21455666
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10549-011-1479-1
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Brca2 Protein
A large, nuclear protein, encoded by the BRCA2 gene (GENE, BRCA2). Mutations in this gene predispose humans to breast and ovarian cancer. The BRCA2 protein is an essential component of DNA repair pathways, suppressing the formation of gross chromosomal rearrangements. (from Genes Dev. 2000;14(11):1400-6)
Brca1 Protein
The phosphoprotein encoded by the BRCA1 gene (GENE, BRCA1). In normal cells the BRCA1 protein is localized in the nucleus, whereas in the majority of breast cancer cell lines and in malignant pleural effusions from breast cancer patients, it is localized mainly in the cytoplasm. (Science 1995;270(5237):713,789-91)
Mastectomy, Modified Radical
Total mastectomy with axillary node dissection, but with preservation of the pectoral muscles.
Drug Carriers
Forms to which substances are incorporated to improve the delivery and the effectiveness of drugs. Drug carriers are used in drug-delivery systems such as the controlled-release technology to prolong in vivo drug actions, decrease drug metabolism, and reduce drug toxicity. Carriers are also used in designs to increase the effectiveness of drug delivery to the target sites of pharmacological actions. Liposomes, albumin microspheres, soluble synthetic polymers, DNA complexes, protein-drug conjugates, and carrier erythrocytes among others have been employed as biodegradable drug carriers.
Mastectomy, Extended Radical
Radical mastectomy with removal of the ipsilateral half of the sternum and a portion of ribs two through five with the underlying pleura and the internal mammary lymph nodes.
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