Sleep related breathing disorders.
Summary of "Sleep related breathing disorders."
Sleep related breathing disorders are common conditions and the management of patients with sleep apnea is an essential component of routine patient care. Daytime sleepiness is the leading symptom of sleep apnea but not mandatory. Especially patients with cardiac, pulmonary or metabolic comorbidities can benefit from treatment of sleep apnea and those patients should be considered for cardio-respiratory screening even with mild clinical symptoms. Continuous positive airway pressure therapy is still the most efficient treatment for sleep apnea and standard treatment for severe forms. With patient education, training and close follow-up a reasonably good compliance can be achieved in adequately selected patients. In mild forms of sleep apnea oral appliances may be efficient and in highly selected lean patients with anatomic risk factors upper airway surgery may be considered. Central sleep apnea, especially Cheyne-Stokes respiration, is highly prevalent in patients with severe cardiac insufficiency. If this disorder persists after cardiac treatment special ventilation modes like adaptive servo ventilation can be used.
Affiliation
Medizinische Klinik 3, Schlafmedizinisches Zentrum Nürnberg, Klinikum Nürnberg Nord, Prof.-Ernst-Nathan-Straße 1, 90419, Nürnberg, Deutschland, pneumologie@klinikum-nuernberg.de.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: Der Internist
ISSN: 1432-1289
Pages:
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21509581
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00108-011-2817-4
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Sleep Disorders, Intrinsic
Dyssomnias (i.e., insomnias or hypersomnias) associated with dysfunction of internal sleep mechanisms or secondary to a sleep-related medical disorder (e.g., sleep apnea, post-traumatic sleep disorders, etc.). (From Thorpy, Sleep Disorders Medicine, 1994, p187)
Sleep Disorders
Conditions characterized by disturbances of usual sleep patterns or behaviors. Sleep disorders may be divided into three major categories: DYSSOMNIAS (i.e. disorders characterized by insomnia or hypersomnia), PARASOMNIAS (abnormal sleep behaviors), and sleep disorders secondary to medical or psychiatric disorders. (From Thorpy, Sleep Disorders Medicine, 1994, p187)
Parasomnias
Movements or behaviors associated with sleep, sleep stages, or partial arousals from sleep that may impair sleep maintenance. Parasomnias are generally divided into four groups: arousal disorders, sleep-wake transition disorders, parasomnias of REM sleep, and nonspecific parasomnias. (From Thorpy, Sleep Disorders Medicine, 1994, p191)
Sleep Arousal Disorders
Sleep disorders characterized by impaired arousal from the deeper stages of sleep (generally stage III or IV sleep).
Polysomnography
Simultaneous and continuous monitoring of several parameters during sleep to study normal and abnormal sleep. The study includes monitoring of brain waves, to assess sleep stages, and other physiological variables such as breathing, eye movements, and blood oxygen levels which exhibit a disrupted pattern with sleep disturbances.
PubMed Articles
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Clinical Trials
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