Intestinal microbiota in human health and disease: the impact of probiotics.
Summary of "Intestinal microbiota in human health and disease: the impact of probiotics."
The complex communities of microorganisms that colonise the human gastrointestinal tract play an important role in human health. The development of culture-independent molecular techniques has provided new insights in the composition and diversity of the intestinal microbiota. Here, we summarise the present state of the art on the intestinal microbiota with specific attention for the application of high-throughput functional microbiomic approaches to determine the contribution of the intestinal microbiota to human health. Moreover, we review the association between dysbiosis of the microbiota and both intestinal and extra-intestinal diseases. Finally, we discuss the potential of probiotic microorganism to modulate the intestinal microbiota and thereby contribute to health and well-being. The effects of probiotic consumption on the intestinal microbiota are addressed, as well as the development of tailor-made probiotics designed for specific aberrations that are associated with microbial dysbiosis.
Affiliation
Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 10, 6703 HB, Wageningen, The Netherlands, jacoline.gerritsen@wur.nl.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: Genes & nutrition
ISSN: 1555-8932
Pages:
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21617937
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12263-011-0229-7
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Probiotics
Live microbial DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS which beneficially affect the host animal by improving its intestinal microbial balance. Antibiotics and other related compounds are not included in this definition. In humans, lactobacilli are commonly used as probiotics, either as single species or in mixed culture with other bacteria. Other genera that have been used are bifidobacteria and streptococci. (J. Nutr. 1995;125:1401-12)
Family Health
The health status of the family as a unit including the impact of the health of one member of the family on the family as a unit and on individual family members; also, the impact of family organization or disorganization on the health status of its members.
Sickness Impact Profile
A quality-of-life scale developed in the United States in 1972 as a measure of health status or dysfunction generated by a disease. It is a behaviorally based questionnaire for patients and addresses activities such as sleep and rest, mobility, recreation, home management, emotional behavior, social interaction, and the like. It measures the patient's perceived health status and is sensitive enough to detect changes or differences in health status occurring over time or between groups. (From Medical Care, vol.xix, no.8, August 1981, p.787-805)
Health Surveys
A systematic collection of factual data pertaining to health and disease in a human population within a given geographic area.
Environment And Public Health
Natural and man-made environments and their impact on public health.
PubMed Articles
Gut microbial influence and probiotics on colorectal cancer.
The human intestinal microbiota is a community of 1013-1014 microorganisms that harbor in the intestine and normally participate in a symbiotic relationship with human. Technical and conceptual advanc...
Contribution of the Intestinal Microbiota to Human Health: From Birth to 100 Years of Age.
Our intestinal tract is colonized since birth by multiple microbial species that show a characteristic succession in time. Notably the establishment of the microbiota in early life is important as it...
Probiotics and the gut microbiota in intestinal health and disease.
The use of probiotics is increasing in popularity for both the prevention and treatment of a variety of diseases. While a growing number of well-conducted, prospective, randomized, controlled, clinica...
I hypothesize here that the ability of probiotics to synthesize neuroactive compounds provides a unifying microbial endocrinology-based mechanism to explain the hitherto incompletely understood action...
A defined intestinal colonization microbiota for gnotobiotic pigs.
Maximising the ability of piglets to survive exposure to pathogens is essential to reduce early piglet mortality, an important factor in efficient commercial pig production. Mortality rates can be inf...
Clinical Trials
Metabolic syndrome and thereby obesity is associated with low-grade systemic inflammation and it is likely that this is also the case in children (Ley et al., 2005). It has also been shown...
Combined programme: Nutrition, Allergy, Mucosal immunology and Intestinal microbiota (NAMI) was created with the objective to reverse the rising trend of chronic inflammatory diseases, suc...
Intestinal Barrier Function and Liver Cirrhosis
Patients with liver cirrhosis have an increased risk to develop life-threatening complications such as spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP). Impairment in the intestinal barrier, change...
The Impact of Dietary Flavanols on the Gut Microflora
The primary propose of this study is to determine the impact of flavanol-rich cocoa on the growth of the human gut microbiota.
Fructo-Oligosaccharides and Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Fructo-oligosaccharides are known as prebiotic ingredients to modulate the composition of the intestinal microbiota and particularly to stimulate the growth of Bifidobacteria. Imbalance of...
