Drug Therapies for Tardive Dyskinesia: Part 2.
Summary of "Drug Therapies for Tardive Dyskinesia: Part 2."
Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a serious complication associated with the long-term use of dopamine receptor-blocking drugs. No drugs are approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for treating TD. A number of drugs appear to have some benefit for its treatment, including branched-chain amino acids, piracetam (Nootropil(®), Nootrop(®), Nootropyl(®)), clonazepam (Klonopin(®)), levetiracetam (Keppra(®)), propranolol (Inderal(®)), and clonidine (Catapres(®)), and they would be clinically reasonable to try. Gabapentin (Neurontin(®) and others) has a good safety profile and would be appropriate to consider, although no controlled trials confirm its efficacy. The efficacy of ginkgo biloba should be balanced against its safety concerns. Essential fatty acids have not been shown to be effective. Antioxidant therapies, including vitamin E, melatonin, and vitamin B(6), could conceivably be used together with other drug therapies for the treatment of TD.
Affiliation
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: Journal of psychosocial nursing and mental health services
ISSN: 0279-3695
Pages: 1-4
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21667885
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/02793695-20110602-02
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Dyskinesia, Drug-induced
Abnormal movements, including HYPERKINESIS; HYPOKINESIA; TREMOR; and DYSTONIA, associated with the use of certain medications or drugs. Muscles of the face, trunk, neck, and extremities are most commonly affected. Tardive dyskinesia refers to abnormal hyperkinetic movements of the muscles of the face, tongue, and neck associated with the use of neuroleptic agents (see ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS). (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1199)
Citalopram
A furancarbonitrile that is one of the SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITORS used as an antidepressant. The drug is also effective in reducing ethanol uptake in alcoholics and is used in depressed patients who also suffer from tardive dyskinesia in preference to tricyclic antidepressants, which aggravate this condition.
Anti-dyskinesia Agents
Drugs used in the treatment of movement disorders. Most of these act centrally on dopaminergic or cholinergic systems. Among the most important clinically are those used for the treatment of Parkinson disease (ANTIPARKINSON AGENTS) and those for the tardive dyskinesias.
Pharmacoepidemiology
The science concerned with the benefit and risk of drugs used in populations and the analysis of the outcomes of drug therapies. Pharmacoepidemiologic data come from both clinical trials and epidemiological studies with emphasis on methods for the detection and evaluation of drug-related adverse effects, assessment of risk vs benefit ratios in drug therapy, patterns of drug utilization, the cost-effectiveness of specific drugs, methodology of postmarketing surveillance, and the relation between pharmacoepidemiology and the formulation and interpretation of regulatory guidelines. (Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 1992;1(1); J Pharmacoepidemiol 1990;1(1))
Complementary Therapies
Therapeutic practices which are not currently considered an integral part of conventional allopathic medical practice. They may lack biomedical explanations but as they become better researched some (PHYSICAL THERAPY MODALITIES; DIET; ACUPUNCTURE) become widely accepted whereas others (humors, radium therapy) quietly fade away, yet are important historical footnotes. Therapies are termed as Complementary when used in addition to conventional treatments and as Alternative when used instead of conventional treatment.
PubMed Articles
Motor Symptoms of Schizophrenia: Is Tardive Dyskinesia a Symptom or Side Effect? A Modern Treatment.
Abnormal involuntary dyskinetic movements in schizophrenia patients have been documented for more than 140 years. Clinicians should distinguish between two kinds of disturbances-spontaneous dyskineti...
Previous studies investigated whether prolactin (PRL) serum level was a biomarker of antipsychotic response, schizophrenia symptomatology, and tardive dyskinesia. Most of the findings support that ant...
RATIONALE: Pharmacogenetic studies on antipsychotic-induced movement disorders (MD) in schizophrenia so far have focused mainly on tardive dyskinesia. Only a few examined the more acute antipsychotic-...
This paper reviews melatonin as an overlooked factor in the developmental etiology and maintenance of schizophrenia; the neuroimmune and oxidative pathophysiology of schizophrenia; specific symptoms i...
Tardive dyskinesia and other movement disorders secondary to aripiprazole.
The objective of this report is to draw attention to tardive dyskinesia (TD) caused by aripiprazole, a third generation antipsychotic. TD has been traditionally attributed to typical (first-generation...
Clinical Trials
Treatment of Tardive Dyskinesia With Galantamine
Tardive dyskinesia (TD), a form of movement disorder, remains a problem for some patients who received antipsychotic medications. Increasing evidence suggests that TD may result from anti...
Aripiprazole for Neuroleptic-Induced Tardive Dyskinesia
The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of aripiprazole in management of pre-existing neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia
Levetiracetam Treatment of Tardive Dyskinesia
This is a placebo-controlled study designed to learn if levetiracetam is effective for tardive dyskinesia.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of two doses (12.5 and 50 mg) of NBI-98854 administered once daily (q.d.) for the treatment of tardive dyski...
Effects of Atypical Versus Conventional Antipsychotics on the Prevalence of Tardive Dyskinesia
This study will compare the effects of newer atypical antipsychotics with those of older conventional antipsychotics on the risk of tardive dyskinesia.
