Polyethylene wear particles do not induce inflammation or gelatinase (MMP-2 and MMP-9) activity in fibrous tissue interfaces of loosening total hip arthroplasties.
Summary of "Polyethylene wear particles do not induce inflammation or gelatinase (MMP-2 and MMP-9) activity in fibrous tissue interfaces of loosening total hip arthroplasties."
In vitro and in vivo studies have suggested that polyethylene wear particles are the main cause for osteolysis in prosthetic loosening. Elevated amounts of proteases including gelatinases (or matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-9) have been found in fibrous tissue interfaces of loosened total hip arthroplasties suggesting that proteolysis plays a role in osteolysis. The presence of proteases does not mean that they are active, because activity of proteases is highly regulated at the post-translational level. We investigated whether the activity of two major proteases that are active extracellularly and have been associated with loosening, MMP-2 and MMP-9, is involved in loosening of non-cemented hip implants with polyethylene acetabular components. Eight interface tissues retrieved during revision were studied with light and electron microscopy and by in situ zymography to localize MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity in combination with immunohistochemistry to localize MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins. All interface tissues contained large amounts of polyethylene wear particles, either in large accumulations or dispersed in the extracellular matrix or intracellularly in fibroblasts. Particles were not encountered in association with MMP-2 or MMP-9 activity or leukocytes. Inflammation was never found. MMP-9 activity was restricted to macrophages and MMP-2 activity was restricted to microvascular endothelial cells mainly outside areas where particles were present. Our data indicate that wear particles do not induce activation of leukocytes or MMP-2 or MMP-9 activity. Therefore, aseptic loosening may not be particle induced but initiated by other mechanisms such as mechanical stress.
Affiliation
Department of Orthopedics, St. Jansdal Ziekenhuis, Harderwijk, The Netherlands.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: Acta histochemica
ISSN: 1618-0372
Pages:
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20656340
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.acthis.2010.06.001
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
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Occlusal wear of the surfaces of restorations and surface wear of dentures.
Polyethylene
A vinyl polymer made from ethylene. It can be branched or linear. Branched or low-density polyethylene is tough and pliable but not to the same degree as linear polyethylene. Linear or high-density polyethylene has a greater hardness and tensile strength. Polyethylene is used in a variety of products, including implants and prostheses.
Elementary Particle Interactions
The interactions of particles responsible for their scattering and transformations (decays and reactions). Because of interactions, an isolated particle may decay into other particles. Two particles passing near each other may transform, perhaps into the same particles but with changed momenta (elastic scattering) or into other particles (inelastic scattering). Interactions fall into three groups: strong, electromagnetic, and weak. (From McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science & Technology, 7th ed)
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A form of pneumoconiosis caused by inhalation of dust that contains both CARBON and crystalline SILICON DIOXIDE. These foreign matters induce fibrous nodule formation in the lung.
Fibrous Dysplasia Of Bone
A disease of bone marked by thinning of the cortex and replacement of bone marrow by gritty fibrous tissue containing bony spicules, producing pain, disability, and gradually increasing deformity. Only one bone may be involved (FIBROUS DYSPLASIA, MONOSTOTIC) or several (FIBROUS DYSPLASIA, POLYOSTOTIC). (From Dorland, 28th ed)
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