Is methotrexate nephrotoxic? : Dose-dependency, comorbidities and comedication.
Summary of "Is methotrexate nephrotoxic? : Dose-dependency, comorbidities and comedication."
Methotrexate (MTX) in low-doses is an important component of anti-inflammatory therapy of rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory joint diseases. In contrast to high-dose administration of MTX in oncology, which can lead to direct tubulus toxicity and subsequent renal failure, renal side-effects are a rare exception for low-dose MTX. The biggest problem under low-dose MTX is that an already limited renal function due to comorbidities or an increasing, sometimes clinically insufficiently monitored renal insufficiency due to comedications, such as non-steroidal antirheumatics (NSAR) and antibiotics, leads to a reduced excretion of MTX and therefore to an accumulation in serum. This is primarily accompanied by gastrointestinal mucositis and bone marrow depression. For this reason low-dose MTX should never be administered once the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is less than <30 ml/min and only 50% of the original dosage should be administered if the GFR is between 30 and 60 ml/min.
Affiliation
Division of Nephrology, University of Virginia Health System, 800133, 22908, Charlottesville, USA, ue2u@virginia.edu.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie
ISSN: 1435-1250
Pages:
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21735288
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00393-011-0830-6
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Lethal Dose 50
The dose amount of poisonous or toxic substance or dose of ionizing radiation required to kill 50% of the tested population.
Maximum Tolerated Dose
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