BCG response prediction with cytokine gene variants and bladder cancer: where we are?
Summary of "BCG response prediction with cytokine gene variants and bladder cancer: where we are?"
PURPOSE:
Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most widespread cancers afflicting men and women and also has major philosophical impact on health care worldwide. Despite elaborate characterization of the risk factors and treatment options, BC is still a major epidemiological problem worldwide and its incidence lingers to upswing each year. Over the last three decades, intravesical immunotherapy with the biological response modifier Mycobacterium bovis-Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) has been established as the most effective adjuvant treatment for averting local recurrences and tumor progression following transurethral resection of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. DESIGN AND
METHODS:
PUBMED database was searched for articles, and manuscripts were selected that provided data regarding the correlation of BCG therapy and its response with different cytokine gene variants.
RESULTS:
It is not clear how Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) works to treat BC. It may stimulate an immune response or cause inflammation of the bladder wall that destroys cancer cells within the bladder. Lot of reports indicated the correlation of various cytokines with respect to BCG therapy in BC, but the exact mechanism is under debate.
CONCLUSION:
Research continues to establish the most effectual strain of BCG and the best dosage schedule for the treatment for bladder cancer but, on the other hand, a very critical part of this therapy to find out the correlation of different cytokine with BCG therapy, which will give a better insights not only the mechanism but also a better therapeutic options.
Affiliation
Andrology and IVF Laboratories, University of Utah, Salt lake city, UT, 84108, USA.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
ISSN: 1432-1335
Pages:
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21932129
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00432-011-1056-3
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the URINARY BLADDER.
Alleles
Variant forms of the same gene, occupying the same locus on homologous CHROMOSOMES, and governing the variants in production of the same gene product.
Cystocele
A HERNIA-like condition in which the weakened pelvic muscles cause the URINARY BLADDER to drop from its normal position. Fallen urinary bladder is more common in females with the bladder dropping into the VAGINA and less common in males with the bladder dropping into the SCROTUM.
Cytokine Receptor Gp130
A cytokine receptor that acts through the formation of oligomeric complexes of itself with a variety of CYTOKINE RECEPTORS.
Species Specificity
The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.
PubMed Articles
Bladder Polypoid Cystitis-Derived A20 Associates with Tumorigenesis.
Bladder chronic inflammation is associated with the pathogenesis of bladder cancer; the underlying mechanism is unclear. The PT53 gene is an important anticancer gene in the body, which is suppressed...
Genetic variants of MnSOD and GPX1 and susceptibility to bladder cancer in a Turkish population.
This study was conducted to investigate the association of genetic polymorphisms in the MnSOD and GPX1 genes with the risk and invasiveness of bladder cancer in a Turkish population. This prospectivel...
This study examined the promoter methylation of APO-1/CD95 (Fas) gene in bladder urothelial carcinoma and analyzed the relationship between the Fas promoter methylation and the biological behavior of...
Accumulating evidence suggests that inflammatory process may play a role in bladder carcinogenesis. However, the exact mechanisms of how the inflammatory factors associate with bladder cancer risk are...
Inflammatory factors may promote carcinogenesis. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), which is derived from T-cell, known as a member of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily...
Clinical Trials
Gene Therapy in Treating Patients With Advanced Bladder Cancer
RATIONALE: Inserting the p53 gene into a person's bladder cancer cells may improve the body's ability to fight cancer. PURPOSE: Phase I trial to study the effectiveness of gene therapy in...
Cytokine Gene Polymorphisms in Bone Marrow Failure
This study will examine whether cytokine gene polymorphisms affect the progression or response to therapy of bone marrow failure disorders. Cytokine genes instruct cells to produce protein...
C-Reactive Protein (CRP) Gene Variants and Coronary Artery Disease in a Chinese Han Population
The recognition of the association between circulating C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) has led to an increased emphasis on CRP genetic effects on C...
Safety Study on AdCD40L Gene Therapy for Bladder Cancer
The study objective is to evaluate the feasibility of three instillations of immunostimulating gene therapy (AdCD40L) in patients with urinary bladder cancer. Tolerance, toxicity and immun...
Chromosome 5Q Gene Variants and Asthma-Related Traits
To identify gene variants in human chromosome 5Q31-33 that may be involved in the pathogenesis of asthma.
