Early wheeze as reported by mothers and lung function in 4-year-olds. Prospective cohort study in Krakow.
Summary of "Early wheeze as reported by mothers and lung function in 4-year-olds. Prospective cohort study in Krakow."
The purpose of the study was to check the hypothesis that early wheezing as reported by mothers would be associated with reduced lung function in 4-year olds. Study participants were recruited prenatally, as part of a prospective cohort study on the respiratory health of young children exposed to various ambient air pollutants. After delivery, infants were followed over 4 years and the interviewers visited participants at their home to record respiratory symptoms every 3 months in the child's first 2 years of life and every 6 months in the 3rd and 4th years. In the 4th year of follow-up, children were invited for standard lung function testing by spirometry quantified by forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV(1)), and forced expiratory volume in 0.5 sec (FEV(0.5)) levels. Out of 258 children attending spirometry testing 139 performed at least two acceptable exhalation efforts. Cohort children with acceptable spirometric measurements did not differ with respect to wheezing experience and exposure characteristics from those without. The study shows that episodic wheeze was reported in 28.1% of 4-year olds, 6.5% had transient wheeze, and 4.3% had recurrent wheeze. There was an increased frequency of wheezing symptoms and their duration in transient and recurrent wheezers. Adjusted multivariable regression models for gender and height showed that children who reported more than two episodes of wheezing at any point over the follow-up had FVC values lower by 120.5 ml (P = 0.016) and FEV(1) values lower by 98.3 ml (P = 0.034) compared to those who did not report any wheezing; children experiencing more than 10 wheezing days by age 4 showed FVC deficit of 87.4 ml (P = 0.034) and FEV(1) values of 65.7 ml (P = 0.066). The ratios of FEV(1)/FVC%, and FEV(0.5)/FVC% were neither associated with wheezing episodes nor wheezing days. In recurrent wheezers, lung function decrement amounted to 207 ml of FVC, 175 ml of FEV(1), and 104 ml of FEV(0.5). In conclusion, our findings show that wheezing experience during early postnatal life may be associated with lung function deficit of restrictive character in preschool children and detailed history of wheeze in early postnatal life, even though not physician-confirmed, may help define the high risk group of children for poor lung function testing. Pediatr Pulmonol. (c) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Affiliation
Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: Pediatric pulmonology
ISSN: 1099-0496
Pages:
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20672363
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppul.21273
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Cockayne Syndrome
A syndrome characterized by multiple system abnormalities including DWARFISM; PHOTOSENSITIVITY DISORDERS; PREMATURE AGING; and HEARING LOSS. It is caused by mutations of a number of autosomal recessive genes encoding proteins that involve transcriptional-coupled DNA REPAIR processes. Cockayne syndrome is classified by the severity and age of onset. Type I (classical; CSA) is early childhood onset in the second year of life; type II (congenital; CSB) is early onset at birth with severe symptoms; type III (xeroderma pigmentosum; XP) is late childhood onset with mild symptoms.
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Early Diagnosis
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