CD8(+) T regulatory/suppressor cells and their relationships with autoreactivity and autoimmunity.
Summary of "CD8(+) T regulatory/suppressor cells and their relationships with autoreactivity and autoimmunity."
Regulatory T lymphocytes (Treg) are fundamental for immune homeostasis since they contribute to the induction of peripheral tolerance to autologous antigens and regulate effector immune responses. Treg subsets are present within both the CD4+and the CD8(+) T cell compartments. Considering the CD8(+) Treg, in the last decades several subpopulations, provided with different phenotypes and mechanisms of action, have been characterized. This review is an attempt of integrating in an organic scenario the different CD8(+) Treg subpopulations. Moreover, it summarizes the findings so far achieved on the existence of CD8(+) Treg alterations in autoimmune diseases.
Affiliation
Department of Internal Medicine (DIMI), Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: Autoimmunity
ISSN: 1607-842X
Pages:
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20670118
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/08916931003782171
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Autoimmunity
Process whereby the immune system reacts against the body's own tissues. Autoimmunity may produce or be caused by AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES.
T-lymphocytes, Regulatory
CD4-positive T cells that inhibit immunopathology or autoimmune disease in vivo. They inhibit the immune response by influencing the activity of other cell types. Regulatory T-cells include naturally occurring CD4+CD25+ cells, IL-10 secreting Tr1 cells, and Th3 cells.
Suppressor Factors, Immunologic
Proteins, protein complexes, or glycoproteins secreted by suppressor T-cells that inhibit either subsequent T-cells, B-cells, or other immunologic phenomena. Some of these factors have both histocompatibility (I-J) and antigen-specific domains which may be linked by disulfide bridges. They can be elicited by haptens or other antigens and may be mass-produced by hybridomas or monoclones in the laboratory.
Genes, Suppressor
Genes that have a suppressor allele or suppressor mutation (SUPPRESSION, GENETIC) which cancels the effect of a previous mutation, enabling the wild-type phenotype to be maintained or partially restored. For example, amber suppressors cancel the effect of an AMBER NONSENSE MUTATION.
Tumor Suppressor Protein P14arf
A gene product of the p16 tumor suppressor gene (GENES, P16). It antagonizes the function of MDM2 PROTEIN (which regulates P53 TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEIN by targeting it for degradation). p14ARF is produced from the beta mRNA transcript of the p16 gene. The other gene product, produced from the alternatively spliced alpha transcript, is CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE INHIBITOR P16. Both p16 gene products have tumor suppressor functions.
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