Spinal anesthesia with diphenhydramine and pheniramine in rats.
Summary of "Spinal anesthesia with diphenhydramine and pheniramine in rats."
The aim of this study was to evaluate the local anesthetic effects of pheniramine and diphenhydramine, two histamine H(1) receptor antagonists, on spinal anesthesia and their comparison with lidocaine, a commonly used local anesthetic. After rats were injected intrathecally with diphenhydramine and pheniramine, the dose-response curves were obtained. The potency and duration of diphenhydramine and pheniramine on spinal anesthesia were compared with lidocaine. We showed that diphenhydramine and pheniramine produced dose-dependent spinal blockades in motor function, proprioception, and nociception. On a 50% effective dose (ED(50)) basis, the rank of potency of drugs was diphenhydramine=pheniramine>lidocaine (p<0.05 for the differences). In equianesthetic doses (ED(25), ED(50), and ED(75)), the block duration caused by diphenhydramine was longer than that caused by pheniramine or lidocaine (p<0.01 for the differences). Diphenhydramine, but not pheniramine or lidocaine, elicited longer duration of sensory block than that of motor block at the same dose of 1.75μmol. These preclinical data reported that diphenhydramine with a more sensory-selective action over motor blockade demonstrated more potent and longer-lasting spinal blockades, compared with pheniramine or lidocaine.
Affiliation
Institute & Department of Physical Therapy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: European journal of pharmacology
ISSN: 1879-0712
Pages: 20-4
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22044917
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.10.019
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Dibucaine
A local anesthetic of the amide type now generally used for surface anesthesia. It is one of the most potent and toxic of the long-acting local anesthetics and its parenteral use is restricted to spinal anesthesia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1006)
Rats, Long-evans
An outbred strain of rats developed in 1915 by crossing several Wistar Institute white females with a wild gray male. Inbred strains have been derived from this original outbred strain, including Long-Evans cinnamon rats (RATS, INBRED LEC) and Otsuka-Long-Evans-Tokushima Fatty rats (RATS, INBRED OLETF), which are models for Wilson's disease and non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, respectively.
Rats, Hairless
Mutant strains of rats that produce little or no hair. Several different homozygous recessive mutations can cause hairlessness in rats including rnu/rnu (Rowett nude), fz/fz (fuzzy), shn/shn (shorn), and nznu/nznu (New Zealand nude). Note that while NUDE RATS are often hairless, they are most characteristically athymic.
Trypanosoma Lewisi
A trypanosome found in the blood of adult rats and transmitted by the rat flea. It is generally non-pathogenic in adult rats but can cause lethal infection in suckling rats.
PubMed Articles
Although the coadministration of lidocaine with propranolol interferes with the metabolic profile (pharmacokinetics), its pharmacodynamics is still unclear. In this report, we investigate whether prop...
Spinal cord injury immediately decreases anesthetic requirements in rats.
Study design:Pharmacologically blocking the spinal cord produces sedative effects and reduces anesthesia requirements in patients and animals. Whether spinal cord injury also reduces anesthesia requir...
Promazine and chlorpromazine for prolonged spinal anesthesia in rats.
Though promazine and chlorpromazine elicited cutaneous anesthesia, no study of spinal anesthesia with chlorpromazine and promazine has been reported. This study was to examine whether chlorpromazine a...
To prevent cardiovascular effects of peripherally administered propranolol, the aim of this study was to evaluate the spinal anesthetic effect of propranolol, a Na(±) channel blocker. After rats were...
Different anesthesia methods for laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to compare the possibility of performing laparoscopic cholecystectomy using two different anesthesia procedures (spinal anesthesia versus general anesthesia). METH...
Clinical Trials
Continuous Spinal Anesthesia Versus Combined Spinal Epidural Block
In major orthopaedic surgery of the lower extremities both continuous spinal anesthesia (CSA) and combined spinal epidural anesthesia (CSE) are safe and reliable anaesthesia methods. Our r...
This study will determine the level of glucose (sugar) in the CSF (fluid that surrounds the spinal cord) in 30 subjects having spinal anesthesia for cesarean section using a bedside glucos...
Fluid Management for Cesarean Section III
Regional anesthesia, including epidural, spinal and combined epidural spinal anesthesia (CSEA), is a pivotal part in modern anesthesiology. Previously, the investigators found that epidura...
Spinal Anesthesia With Articaine and Lidocaine for Outpatient Surgery.
The purpose of this study is to compare two short-acting local anesthetics, articaine and lidocaine, for spinal anesthesia in day-case surgery. The onset time of the sensory- and motor blo...
Neuraxial Anesthesia and Restless Leg Syndromes in Cesarean
The restless leg syndromes is a common sensorimotor disorder of unknown cause affecting approximately 10% of the population. Different literature had different views on the association bet...
