Nutritional support in patients with acute pancreatitis.
Summary of "Nutritional support in patients with acute pancreatitis."
Pancreatitis is a diffuse systemic immuno-inflammatory response to a localized process of auto-digestion within the pancreatic gland, caused by premature activation of proteolytic digestive enzymes. According to the ATLANTA criteria (1992) we recognized a mild and a severe acute pancreatitis (SAP ) . Mortality rate in SAP account up to the 20 percent and most complications and deaths are due to an inflammatory immune response to pancreatic necrosis and/or infection. Patients affected by SAP rapidly incur accelerated catabolism and thus nutritional support is essential, especially in the earliest period of the disease. Recent observations show that the route of nutritional support may also affect disease severity and its course. In this view several important questions about nutritional support need to be addressed : indication , timing, enteral vs parenteral and composition . With this review we analyze the state-of-the-art and we present a decisional flow chart to better manage the nutritional support in SAP.
Affiliation
Section of General and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Biological Sciences and Human Oncology , University Medical School of Bari, Italy.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: Frontiers in bioscience (Elite edition)
ISSN: 1945-0508
Pages: 1999-2006
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22202015
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Pancreatitis
INFLAMMATION of the PANCREAS. Pancreatitis is classified as acute unless there are computed tomographic or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographic findings of CHRONIC PANCREATITIS (International Symposium on Acute Pancreatitis, Atlanta, 1992). The two most common forms of acute pancreatitis are ALCOHOLIC PANCREATITIS and gallstone pancreatitis.
Pancreatitis, Alcoholic
Acute or chronic INFLAMMATION of the PANCREAS due to excessive ALCOHOL DRINKING. Alcoholic pancreatitis usually presents as an acute episode but it is a chronic progressive disease in alcoholics.
Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing
A severe form of acute INFLAMMATION of the PANCREAS characterized by one or more areas of NECROSIS in the pancreas with varying degree of involvement of the surrounding tissues or organ systems. Massive pancreatic necrosis may lead to DIABETES MELLITUS, and malabsorption.
Lithostathine
The proteinaceous component of the pancreatic stone in patients with PANCREATITIS.
Gastrostomy
Creation of an artificial external opening into the stomach for nutritional support or gastrointestinal compression.
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