Genetics of isolated auditory neuropathies.
Summary of "Genetics of isolated auditory neuropathies."
Auditory neuropathies are disorders combining absent or abnormal auditory brainstem responses with preserved otoacoustic emissions and/or cochlear microphonics. These features indicate a normal function of cochlear outer hair cells. Thus, the primary lesion might be located in the inner hair cells, in the auditory nerve or in the intervening synapse. Auditory neuropathy is observed in up to 10 percent of deaf infants and children, either as part of some systemic neurodegenerative diseases or as an isolated entity. Research on the genetic causes of isolated auditory neuropathies has been remarkably successful in the last few years. Here we review the current knowledge on the structure, expression and function of the genes and proteins so far known to be involved in these disorders, as well as the clinical features that are associated with mutations in the different genes. This knowledge is permitting to classify isolated auditory neuropathies into etiologically homogeneous types, so providing clues for the better diagnosis, management and therapy of the affected subjects.
Affiliation
Unidad de Genetica Molecular, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: Frontiers in bioscience : a journal and virtual library
ISSN: 1093-4715
Pages: 1251-65
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22201801
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Auditory Diseases, Central
Disorders of hearing or auditory perception due to pathological processes of the AUDITORY PATHWAYS in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. These include CENTRAL HEARING LOSS and AUDITORY PERCEPTUAL DISORDERS.
Auditory Perceptual Disorders
Acquired or developmental cognitive disorders of AUDITORY PERCEPTION characterized by a reduced ability to perceive information contained in auditory stimuli despite intact auditory pathways. Affected individuals have difficulty with speech perception, sound localization, and comprehending the meaning of inflections of speech.
Auditory Fatigue
Loss of sensitivity to sounds as a result of auditory stimulation, manifesting as a temporary shift in auditory threshold. The temporary threshold shift, TTS, is expressed in decibels.
Auditory Perception
The process whereby auditory stimuli are selected, organized, and interpreted by the organism.
Hair Cells, Auditory, Inner
Auditory sensory cells of organ of Corti, usually placed in one row medially to the core of spongy bone (the modiolus). Inner hair cells are in fewer numbers than the OUTER AUDITORY HAIR CELLS, and their stereocilia are approximately twice as thick as those of the outer hair cells.
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