The use of ELISAs for monitoring exposure of pig herds to Brachyspira hyodysenteriae.
Summary of "The use of ELISAs for monitoring exposure of pig herds to Brachyspira hyodysenteriae."
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND:
Swine dysentery (SD), a mucohaemorrhagic diarrhoeal disease of pigs, results from infection of the large intestine with the spirochaete Brachyspira hyodysenteriae. ELISA systems using whole spirochaete cells (WC) and the B. hyodysenteriae outer membrane lipoprotein Bhlp29.7 previously have been established as potential diagnostic tools for SD. However, their true value in identifying infected herds remains unclear. The present study aimed to compare the performance of whole-cell and Bhlp29.7 based ELISAs in detecting specific immunoglobulin class IgG and IgM to B. hyodysenteriae in growing pigs, and additionally evaluated whether meat juice could serve as a source of specific antibodies.
RESULTS:
Levels of circulating IgG and IgM reacting with WC spirochaete preparations and recombinant Bhlp29.7 peaked 4-6 weeks post-infection in the experimentally challenged pigs, and remained elevated in the present study. In a cohort of pigs on an infected farm levels of antibody directed against both antigens showed a progressive increase with time. However, other than for the level of IgG against WC antigen, a significant increase in antibody levels also was observed in a cohort of pigs on a non-infected farm. In addition, assays using meat juice had 100% specificity and equivalent sensitivity to those based on serum, and likewise the best performance was achieved using the WC IgG ELISA.
CONCLUSIONS:
IgG ELISAs using either WC or Bhlp29.7 as plate-coating antigens were shown to be useful for monitoring the dynamics of B. hyodysenteriae infection in grower pigs. Of the two antigens, the WC preparation tended to give better discrimination between pigs from infected and non-infected farms. Testing of meat juice was shown to have potential for identifying infected herds.
Affiliation
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: BMC veterinary research
ISSN: 1746-6148
Pages: 6
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22248341
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1746-6148-8-6
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Brachyspira Hyodysenteriae
A species of anaerobic, spiral bacteria that was formerly classified as Serpulina hyodysenteriae and Treponema hyodysenteriae (and for a short while, Serpula hyodysenteriae). This organism is the agent of swine dysentery.
Environmental Monitoring
The monitoring of the level of toxins, chemical pollutants, microbial contaminants, or other harmful substances in the environment or workplace by measuring the amounts of these toxicants in the bodies of people and animals in that environment, among other methods. It also includes the measurement of ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE. Levels in humans and animals are used as indicators of toxic levels of undesirable chemicals.
Fetal Monitoring
Physiologic or biochemical monitoring of the fetus. It is usually done during LABOR, OBSTETRIC and may be performed in conjunction with the monitoring of uterine activity. It may also be performed prenatally as when the mother is undergoing surgery.
Brachyspira
A genus of spiral bacteria of the family Brachyspiraceae.
Post-exposure Prophylaxis
The prevention of infection or disease following exposure to a pathogen. This is most frequently addressed by administering a vaccine or anti-viral medication following exposure to a virus.
PubMed Articles
Multiple Brachyspira spp. can colonize the porcine colon, and the presence of the strongly beta-hemolytic Brachyspira hyodysenteriae is typically associated with clinical swine dysentery. Recently, se...
Typing of Brachyspira spp. from rodents, pigs and chickens on Swedish farms.
The aim of the current study was to look for evidence of possible cross-species transmission of Brachyspira species between rodents and farm animals. To do this, previously collected and characterised...
The distribution of many genes encoding virulence and virulence life-style (VL-S) factors in Brachyspira (B.) hyodysenteriae and other Brachyspira species are largely unknown. Their knowledge is essen...
The antimicrobial susceptibilities of 72 Brachyspira hyodysenteriae isolates collected from clinical cases of swine dysentery (SD) in 11 prefectures in Japan between 1985 and 2009 were investigated by...
Attachment of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae to intestinal epithelial cell lines and its possible mediation by outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of the spirochete were examined. Different B. hyodysenteriae s...
Clinical Trials
This project is designed to investigate the association between prenatal exposure to environmental contaminants on cognitive development of school-age children
Asthma & Exposure to Peaks in Particulate Air Pollution
We are testing the following two hypotheses: 1) Peaks in hourly exposures to airborne particulate matter (PM) of outdoor origin will be more closely associated with acute asthmatic respons...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and Domestic Endotoxin (CODE)
This project aims to characterize the independent effect of domestic endotoxin exposure on health status, as well as pulmonary and systemic inflammation, in former smokers with COPD. Posit...
Effectiveness of Extended Telephone Monitoring
The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of extended telephone monitoring for alcohol-dependent patients receiving intensive outpatient treatment. It is hypothesized th...
Effects of Pesticide Exposure on Neurodevelopment/Growth/Respiratory Health
Exposure and health study of pesticide and allergen exposures to pregnant women and children. Intervention study is planned after assessment is completed.
