Application of a Pull on a Disk Method to Measure Surface Tension of Liquids.
Summary of "Application of a Pull on a Disk Method to Measure Surface Tension of Liquids."
The intrinsic property of liquids is a vital indicator of formulation performance and stability. Therefore, investigation of the interfacial phenomenon of surface tension is a routine procedure in the development of products in a wide variety of areas including foods, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and painting technologies. We hypothesize that studies related to the maximum pull on a rod can be extrapolated to disk geometry and applied to measure surface tension using a texture analyzer. A glass disk probe was attached to the arm of a texture analyzer and pulled from the liquid surface. The maximum force of detachment was used to calculate surface tension extrapolating from the theory of maximum pull on a rod. The surface tension of water, ethanol, and a hydroalcoholic solution was measured and compared with literature values to validate this hypothesis. The calculated values of surface tension for the liquids studied were within 5% of the reported values. Probe diameter appears to have an important role on surface tension accuracy compared with literature values. Slight discrepancies can be attributed to temperature control and leveling of liquid surface, although still in accordance with the reported values of surface tension measured using different methods. This study presents a simple, precise, and quick method to determine the surface tension of liquids from the maximum pull on a disk. Further studies are warranted to determine the optimum glass disk probe diameter for better accuracy.
Affiliation
Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, 2409 University Ave. PHR 4.214, Austin, Texas, 78712-1095, USA.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: AAPS PharmSciTech
ISSN: 1530-9932
Pages:
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22258802
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1208/s12249-011-9737-4
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Electrowetting
Reducing the SURFACE TENSION at a liquid/solid interface by the application of an electric current across the interface thereby enhancing the WETTABILITY of the surface.
Manometry
Measurement of the pressure or tension of liquids or gases with a manometer.
Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests
A method where a culturing surface inoculated with microbe is exposed to small disks containing known amounts of a chemical agent resulting in a zone of inhibition (usually in millimeters) of growth of the microbe corresponding to the susceptibility of the strain to the agent.
Surface Tension
The force acting on the surface of a liquid, tending to minimize the area of the surface. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)
Sonication
The application of high intensity ultrasound to liquids.
PubMed Articles
Virtual walls based on oil-repellent surfaces for low-surface-tension liquids.
Manipulating and controlling water-based aqueous solutions with the use of virtual walls is relatively simple compared to that of nonaqueous low-surface-tension liquids, which pose greater challenges...
The present study proposed a novel microscope method for the determination of the surface tension of liquids through measurements of the forced oscillation of the small surface, which was induced with...
Density and Surface Tension of Ionic Liquids.
We measured the density and surface tension of 9 bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imide ([Tf(2)N](-))-based and 12 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium ([C(8)C(1)Im](+))-based ionic liquids (ILs) with the vibrati...
Cavitation in heavy water and other liquids.
We report on measurements of the cavitation pressure in several liquids subjected to tension in an acoustic wave and compare the results to classical nucleation theory (CNT). This study is motivated b...
Five acetic acid ionic liquids (AcAILs) [C(n)mim][OAc](n = 2,3,4,5,6) (1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate) were prepared by the neutralization method and characterized by (1)HNMR spectroscopy and dif...
Clinical Trials
Kirschner Wire and Pull-out Wire Fixation for the Treatment of Bony Mallet Finger
The objective of this report is to describe a new surgical technique for the treatment of bony mallet finger which involves the application of both Kirschner wire and pull-out wire fixatio...
Post CVA Persistent Hypertension Caring
The study HIPPOCRATE is a prospective open comparative study with a control group. The objective of this study is to show that an optimization of the caring of non controlled hypertended...
Glaucoma is one of the most common causes of blindness in the industrialized nations. For a long time glaucoma has been defined as a disease in which high intraocular pressure (IOP) leads...
Surface Roughness of a Dental Restorative Material and Biofilm Formation
In this study we intend to find out the pattern of biofilm accumulation in vivo on various surface finishings. Our intention is to prepare Polymethylmetacrylate squers on orthodontical br...
The Application of Fibrin Glue in Ocular Surface Diseases
This clinical trial tries to use tissue fibrin glues (Tisseel) to treat various ocular surface diseases or surgeries, which includes pterygium surgery, corneal melting/perforation, Gunders...
