Transient increases in dendritic spine density contribute to dentate gyrus long-term potentiation.
Summary of "Transient increases in dendritic spine density contribute to dentate gyrus long-term potentiation."
Dendritic spines are the primary sites for excitatory neurotransmission in the adult brain and exhibit changes in their number and morphology with experience. The relationship between spine formation and synaptic activity has been best characterized along the apical dendrites of pyramidal neurons in the hippocampal CA1 subfield. However, less is known about the structural mechanisms at the spine that mediate plasticity in other hippocampal subfields. The dentate gyrus is the predominant point of entry for synaptic input to the hippocampus, and dentate granule cells differ from CA1 pyramidal neurons in terms of their morphology and biophysical properties. In order to understand the structural mechanisms for plasticity in the dentate gyrus, we measured dendritic spine density in hippocampal slice preparations at different intervals following synaptic stimulation. We observed that transient increases in dendritic spine density are detectable thirty minutes after induction of long-term potentiation (LTP). By sixty minutes poststimulation, dendritic spine density has returned to basal levels. Both early LTP and enhancements in dendritic spine density could be blocked by destabilizing actin filaments, but not by inhibitors of transcription or protein synthesis. These results indicate that spine formation is a transient event that is required for dentate gyrus LTP. Synapse, 2012. © 2012 Wiley, Periodicals Inc.
Affiliation
Physiology Department, Georgia Health Sciences University, Augusta, GA, USA.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: Synapse (New York, N.Y.)
ISSN: 1098-2396
Pages:
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22314918
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/syn.21545
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Mossy Fibers, Hippocampal
Axons of certain cells in the DENTATE GYRUS. They project to the polymorphic layer of the dentate gyrus and to the proximal dendrites of PYRAMIDAL CELLS of the HIPPOCAMPUS. These mossy fibers should not be confused with mossy fibers that are cerebellar afferents (see NERVE FIBERS).
Ca1 Region, Hippocampal
One of four subsections of the hippocampus described by Lorente de No, located furthest from the DENTATE GYRUS.
Dentate Gyrus
Gray matter situated above the gyrus hippocampi. It is composed of three layers. The molecular layer is continuous with the HIPPOCAMPUS in the hippocampal fissure. The granular layer consists of closely arranged spherical or oval neurons, called granule cells, whose AXONS pass through the polymorphic layer ending on the DENDRITES of pyramidal cells in the hippocampus.
Ca3 Region, Hippocampal
A subsection of the hippocampus, described by Lorente de No, that is located between the HIPPOCAMPUS CA2 FIELD and the DENTATE GYRUS.
Perforant Pathway
A pathway of fibers that originates in the lateral part of the ENTORHINAL CORTEX, perforates the SUBICULUM of the HIPPOCAMPUS, and runs into the stratum moleculare of the hippocampus, where these fibers synapse with others that go to the DENTATE GYRUS where the pathway terminates. It is also known as the perforating fasciculus.
PubMed Articles
Dendritic spines are the predominant sites of excitatory neurotransmission in the adult brain, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a well-characterized determinant of dendritic spine numbe...
Developmental characteristics of dendritic spines in the dentate gyrus of Fmr1 knockout mice.
Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) is the most common form of inherited mental retardation. The neuroanatomical phenotype of adult FXS patients, as well as adult Fmr1 knockout (KO) mice, includes elevated dendr...
Expression of tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase in mature granule cells of the adult mouse dentate gyrus.
ABSTRACT: New granule cells are continuously generated in the dentate gyrus of the adult hippocampus. During granule cell maturation, the mechanisms that differentiate new cells not only describe the...
Decreased dendritic spine density and abnormal spine morphology in Fyn knockout mice.
Fyn is a Src-family tyrosine kinase that affects long term potentiation (LTP), synapse formation, and learning and memory. Fyn is also implicated in dendritic spine formation both in vitro and in vivo...
A subset of congenital muscular dystrophies (CMDs) has central nervous system manifestations. There are good mouse models for these CMDs that include POMGnT1 knockout, POMT2 knockout and Large(myd) mi...
Clinical Trials
Transient Osteoporosis of Pregnancy: A Possible Peptide Mediator
Transient osteoporosis of pregnancy (TOoP) is uncommonly encountered in orthopedic and obstetric practice, with most reports consisting of single cases. This rare condition consists of si...
Calcium DXA: Impact of Calcium Supplements on Lumbar Spine Bone Mineral Density
We, the investigators at the University of Wisconsin, hypothesized that ingesting calcium tablets prior to a spine bone density scan will not affect the bone mineral density as measured by...
Both conditions hypogonadism and immobilisation (paraplegia) may contribute or lead to decreased bone mineral density resp osteoporosis. In this study bone mineral density is assessed in h...
Are Sutures Required in Total Abdominal Hysterectomy? A Randomised Control Trial
The Hypothesis of this study is that performing total abdominal hysterectomy using the newer electrocoagulation forceps, specifically, the gyrus open seal forceps, curved, compared to the...
Long Term Follow-up of Bone Mineral Density in Hormone Treated Turner Syndrome
Turner Syndrome (TS) is associated with osteopenia and osteoporosis. Reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and increased risk of fractures are present in many younger and middle-aged women wi...
