Melatonin promotes angiogenesis during repair of bone defects: a radiological and histomorphometric study in rabbit tibiae.
Summary of "Melatonin promotes angiogenesis during repair of bone defects: a radiological and histomorphometric study in rabbit tibiae."
OBJECTIVES:
The pineal gland hormone, melatonin, is an immunomodulator and neuroendocrine hormone; it also stimulates monocyte, cytokine and fibroblast proliferations, which influence angiogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of melatonin on angiogenesis during bone defect repair by means of radiological and histomorphometric evaluations of bone response to melatonin implants. MATERIALS AND
METHODS:
Twenty New Zealand rabbits weighing 3,900-4,500 g were used. Twenty melatonin implants were inserted in the proximal metaphyseal area of the animals' right tibia and 20 control areas were located in the left proximal metaphyseal area. Following implantation, the animals were sacrificed in groups of five, after 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks, respectively. Anteroposterior and lateral radiographs were taken, and radiographic thermal imaging analysis was performed for all groups at different time stages following implant insertion. Samples were sectioned at 5 μm and stained using Hematoxylin-Eosin and Masson's trichrome, supplementing radiographic findings with histomorphometric analysis.
RESULTS:
After 4 weeks, radiological images showed complete repair of the bone defects. No healed or residual bone alterations attributable to the presence of the melatonin implant were observed. Histomorphometric analysis at 4 weeks showed the presence of a higher density newly formed bone. There were statistically significant differences in the length of cortical formation between the melatonin group and the control group during the first weeks of the study; there were also statistically significant differences in the number of vessels observed in the melatonin groups at the first two study stages. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL
RELEVANCE:
Melatonin may have potential beneficial effects on bone defect repair.
Affiliation
Department of Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain, mpramirezfern@hotmail.com.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: Clinical oral investigations
ISSN: 1436-3771
Pages:
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22323056
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00784-012-0684-6
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Melatonin
A biogenic amine that is found in animals and plants. In mammals, melatonin is produced by the PINEAL GLAND. Its secretion increases in darkness and decreases during exposure to light. Melatonin is implicated in the regulation of SLEEP, mood, and REPRODUCTION. Melatonin is also an effective antioxidant.
Receptors, Melatonin
A family of G-protein-coupled receptors that are specific for and mediate the effects of MELATONIN. Activation of melatonin receptors has been associated with decreased intracellular CYCLIC AMP and increased hydrolysis of PHOSPHOINOSITIDES.
Bone Regeneration
Renewal or repair of lost bone tissue. It excludes BONY CALLUS formed after BONE FRACTURES but not yet replaced by hard bone.
Receptor, Melatonin, Mt2
A melatonin receptor subtype primarily found expressed in the BRAIN and RETINA.
Receptor, Melatonin, Mt1
A melatonin receptor subtype that is primarily found in the HYPOTHALAMUS and in the KIDNEY.
PubMed Articles
Melatonin stimulates the growth of new bone around implants in the tibia of rabbits.
This study evaluated the effect of the topical application of melatonin in accelerating bone formation associated with implants 2 months after their application to the tibiae of rabbits. Twenty New Ze...
Coupling of osteogenesis and angiogenesis in bone substitute healing - A brief overview.
Similar to osteogenesis and bone repair, the healing and osteogenesis of bone substitutes depend on the osteogenesis-angiogenesis interplay which is controlled by different factors, including VEGF or...
Angiogenesis is required for bone development, growth, and repair. It is influenced by the local bone environment that involves cross-talks between endothelial cells and adjacent bone cells. However,...
Melatonin: the smart killer: the human trophoblast as a model.
Melatonin has both the ability to induce intrinsic apoptosis in tumor cells while it inhibits it in non-tumor cells. Melatonin kills tumor cells through induction of reactive oxygen species generation...
Lead exposure induces DNA damage, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, and alters DNA repair. We investigated the effects of melatonin co-administered to rats during exposure to lead. Three doses of lead...
Clinical Trials
Treatment of Alveolar Bone Defects Using Aastrom Biosciences Autologous Tissue Repair Cell Therapy
The purpose of this research is to determine if a subject's own bone marrow tissue can help regenerate bone in the area of his/her jaw where a tooth has been removed using Tissue Repair Ce...
Management of Bone Defects Around the Elbow
Background: Bone defects of the distal humerus require complex reconstructions, for which standard prostheses may be insufficient. The researchers therefore investigated the clinical and...
Blind Child Melatonin Treatment Study
The primary focus of this five-year study will be to optimize the melatonin dosing regimen for synchronizing the body clocks of blind children to the 24-hour day.
Efficacy and Safety of PERIOGEN in the Treatment of Periodontal Bone Defect
PERIOGEN, containing rhPDGF and -beta-TCP, promotes gingival healing and corrects periodontal defects. This study will test the safety and efficacy of PERIOGEN in the treatment of periodon...
This study is conducted to assess whether implanting autologous, culture-expanded, mesenchymal stem cells obtained from the bone marrow of patients with early osteoarthritis, cartilage de...
