Tipping points in open systems: bifurcation, noise-induced and rate-dependent examples in the climate system.
Summary of "Tipping points in open systems: bifurcation, noise-induced and rate-dependent examples in the climate system."
Tipping points associated with bifurcations (B-tipping) or induced by noise (N-tipping) are recognized mechanisms that may potentially lead to sudden climate change. We focus here on a novel class of tipping points, where a sufficiently rapid change to an input or parameter of a system may cause the system to 'tip' or move away from a branch of attractors. Such rate-dependent tipping, or R-tipping, need not be associated with either bifurcations or noise. We present an example of all three types of tipping in a simple global energy balance model of the climate system, illustrating the possibility of dangerous rates of change even in the absence of noise and of bifurcations in the underlying quasi-static system.
Affiliation
Mathematics Research Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, UK.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences
ISSN: 1364-503X
Pages: 1166-84
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22291228
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2011.0306
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Hearing Loss, Noise-induced
Hearing loss due to exposure to explosive loud noise or chronic exposure to sound level greater than 85 dB. The hearing loss is often in the frequency range 4000-6000 hertz.
Noise, Occupational
Noise present in occupational, industrial, and factory situations.
Noise, Transportation
Noise associated with transportation, particularly aircraft and automobiles.
Insulin Infusion Systems
Portable or implantable devices for infusion of insulin. Includes open-loop systems which may be patient-operated or controlled by a pre-set program and are designed for constant delivery of small quantities of insulin, increased during food ingestion, and closed-loop systems which deliver quantities of insulin automatically based on an electronic glucose sensor.
Infusion Pumps, Implantable
Implanted fluid propulsion systems with self-contained power source for providing long-term controlled-rate delivery of drugs such as chemotherapeutic agents or analgesics. Delivery rate may be externally controlled or osmotically or peristatically controlled with the aid of transcutaneous monitoring.
PubMed Articles
Complex systems: Foreseeing tipping points.
Generic indicators for loss of resilience before a tipping point leading to population collapse.
Theory predicts that the approach of catastrophic thresholds in natural systems (e.g., ecosystems, the climate) may result in an increasingly slow recovery from small perturbations, a phenomenon calle...
Nonlinear softening as a predictive precursor to climate tipping.
Approaching a dangerous bifurcation, from which a dynamical system such as the Earth's climate will jump (tip) to a different state, the current stable state lies within a shrinking basin of attractio...
Noise exposure in convertible automobiles.
Objective:To quantify the noise exposure received while driving a convertible automobile with the top open, compared with the top closed.Methods:Five different convertible automobiles were driven, wit...
Neural field theory with variance dynamics.
Previous neural field models have mostly been concerned with prediction of mean neural activity and with second order quantities such as its variance, but without feedback of second order quantities o...
Clinical Trials
AngioSculpt® Coronary Bifurcation Study
The purpose of this study is to evaluate a new angioplasty catheter, AngioSculpt® for the treatment of bifurcation lesions (blockages occurring at branch points) in coronary arteries.
Hearing Loss Prevention for Veterans
Hearing loss is the most prevalent service-connected disability in the VA. It causes communication difficulties, which contribute to isolation, frustration and depression. A major cause of...
Bare Metal Bifurcation Stent Clinical Trial in Humans
To assess the feasibility and safety of the Medtronic Bifurcation Stent System for the treatment of single de novo bifurcation lesions in native coronary arteries with reference vessel dia...
Repair of Orthodontically-Induced Tooth Root Resorption by Ultrasound
Tooth-root resorption, also known as shortening or erosion,(TRR) is one of the adverse outcomes of dental trauma, orthodontic tooth movement and dental replantation/transplantation. Orthod...
Coronary Bifurcation Stenting (COBIS) Registry in South Korea
The COBIS registry is multi-center, real-world registry of drug-eluting stenting in coronary bifurcation lesions in South Korea. The aim of the study was to find out the current status of...
