Advances in hepatitis C virus vaccines, part two: advances in hepatitis C virus vaccine formulations and modalities.
Summary of "Advances in hepatitis C virus vaccines, part two: advances in hepatitis C virus vaccine formulations and modalities."
Introduction: Developing a vaccine against HCV is an important medical and global priority. Unavailability and potential dangers associated with using attenuated HCV viral particles for vaccine preparation have resulted in the use of HCV genes and proteins formulated in novel vaccine modalities. Areas covered: In part one of this review, advances in basic knowledge for HCV vaccine design were provided. Herein, a detailed and correlated patents (searched by Espacenet) and literatures (searched by Pubmed) review on HCV vaccine formulations and modalities is provided, including: subunit, DNA, epitopic-peptide/polytopic, live vector- and whole yeast-based vaccines. Less-touched areas in vaccine studies such as mucosal, plant-based, and chimeric HBV/HCV vaccines are also discussed. Furthermore, results of preclinical/clinical studies on selected HCV vaccines as well as pros and cons of different strategies are reviewed. Finally, potential strategies for creation and/or improvement of HCV vaccine formulations are discussed. Expert opinion: Promising outcomes of a few HCV vaccine modalities in phase I/II clinical trials predict the accessibility of at least partially effective vaccines to inhibit or treat the chronic state of HCV infection (specially in combination with standard antiviral therapy). ChronVac-C (plasmid DNA), TG4040 (MVA-based), and GI-5005 (whole yeast-based) might be the most obvious HCV vaccine candidates to be approved in the near future.
Affiliation
Hepatitis & AIDS Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran , Pasteur Ave, Tehran 1316943551 , Iran +98 21 66969291 ; rfarzin@pasteur.ac.ir and farzin.roohvand@gmail.com.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: Expert opinion on therapeutic patents
ISSN: 1744-7674
Pages:
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22455502
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/13543776.2012.673589
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Hepadnaviridae
A family of hepatotropic DNA viruses which contains double-stranded DNA genomes and causes hepatitis in humans and animals. There are two genera: AVIHEPADNAVIRUS and ORTHOHEPADNAVIRUS. Hepadnaviruses include HEPATITIS B VIRUS, duck hepatitis B virus (HEPATITIS B VIRUS, DUCK), heron hepatitis B virus, ground squirrel hepatitis virus, and woodchuck hepatitis B virus (HEPATITIS B VIRUS, WOODCHUCK).
Hepatitis A Virus
A species in the genus HEPATOVIRUS containing one serotype and two strains: HUMAN HEPATITIS A VIRUS and Simian hepatitis A virus causing hepatitis in humans (HEPATITIS A) and primates, respectively.
Hepatitis D
INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by HEPATITIS DELTA VIRUS, a defective RNA virus that can only infect HEPATITIS B patients. For its viral coating, hepatitis delta virus requires the HEPATITIS B SURFACE ANTIGENS produced by these patients. Hepatitis D can occur either concomitantly with (coinfection) or subsequent to (superinfection) hepatitis B infection. Similar to hepatitis B, it is primarily transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be transmitted via sexual or intimate personal contact.
Hepatitis A Vaccines
Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with hepatitis A virus (HEPATOVIRUS).
Hepatitis A Virus, Human
A strain of HEPATITIS A VIRUS which causes hepatitis in humans. The virus replicates in hepatocytes and is presumed to reach the intestine via the bile duct. Transmission occurs by the fecal-oral route.
PubMed Articles
Introduction: Around 3% of the world population is infected with HCV, with 3 - 4 million newly infected subjects added to this reservoir every year. At least 10% of these people will develop liver ci...
Recent advances in the treatment of HIV/HBV and HIV/HCV co-infection.
Concurrent infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) in patients positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is relatively common. The treatment of co-infected individuals...
We address the observation that, in some cases, patients infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) are cleared of HCV when super-infected with the hepatitis A virus (HAV). We hypothesise that this phe...
Prevention of virus hepatitis A to E.
Infection with hepatitis viruses can lead to acute hepatitis with the risk of developing liver failure. Chronic viral hepatitis may evolve into liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Thus, prev...
Clinical Trials
PPI-668 is an antiviral agent (a hepatitis C NS5A inhibitor) that is being developed as a potential treatment for hepatitis C virus infection. This study is being done to assess the safet...
Immune Response to Hepatitis C Virus
The purpose of the study is to investigate the immune response to hepatitis C virus to determine why some people clear the virus and others develop chronic infection. Changes in immune re...
Efficacy of Pegylated Interferon Alone in Egyptian Patients With Acute Hepatitis C (ANRS 1213)
Acute hepatitis C is a liver disease related to a virus: hepatitis C virus (HCV). The type of Hepatitis C Virus present in Egypt (genotype 4), has the reputation to respond poorly to treat...
The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of GB virus C (GBV-C) on the natural history of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in subjects co-infected with HIV and HCV. The o...
Observational Trial of Hepatitis C Virus Infected Patients on Calcineurin Inhibitors
Hepatitis C Virus is constantly evolving genetically, particularly in response to the immune system. This is an observational study to examine if immunosuppressants particularly calcineur...
