Nitrogen-doped carbon monolith for alkaline supercapacitors and understanding nitrogen-induced redox transitions.
Summary of "Nitrogen-doped carbon monolith for alkaline supercapacitors and understanding nitrogen-induced redox transitions."
A nitrogen-doped porous carbon monolith was synthesized as a pseudo-capacitive electrode for use in alkaline supercapacitors. Ammonia-assisted carbonization was used to dope the surface with nitrogen heteroatoms in a way that replaced carbon atoms but kept the oxygen content constant. Ammonia treatment expanded the micropore size-distributions and increased the specific surface area from 383 m(2) g(-1) to 679 m(2) g(-1) . The nitrogen-containing porous carbon material showed a higher capacitance (246 F g(-1) ) in comparison with the nitrogen-free one (186 F g(-1) ). Ex situ electrochemical spectroscopy was used to investigate the evolution of the nitrogen-containing functional groups on the surface of the N-doped carbon electrodes in a three-electrode cell. In addition, first-principles calculations were explored regarding the electronic structures of different nitrogen groups to determine their relative redox potentials. We proposed possible redox reaction pathways based on the calculated redox affinity of different groups and surface analysis, which involved the reversible attachment/detachment of hydroxy groups between pyridone and pyridine. The oxidation of nitrogen atoms in pyridine was also suggested as a possible reaction pathway.
Affiliation
Shenyang National Laboratory of Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016 (P. R. China); ARC Centre of Excellence for Functional Nanomaterials, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)
ISSN: 1521-3765
Pages: 5345-51
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22419436
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.201102806
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Carbon-nitrogen Lyases
Enzymes that catalyze the cleavage of a carbon-nitrogen bond by means other than hydrolysis or oxidation. Subclasses are the AMMONIA-LYASES, the AMIDINE-LYASES, the amine-lyases, and other carbon-nitrogen lyases. EC 4.3.
Carbon-nitrogen Ligases
Enzymes that catalyze the joining of two molecules by the formation of a carbon-nitrogen bond. EC 6.3.
Carbon-nitrogen Ligases With Glutamine As Amide-n-donor
Enzymes that catalyze the joining of glutamine-derived ammonia and another molecule. The linkage is in the form of a carbon-nitrogen bond. EC 6.3.5.
Isoindoles
Benzopyrroles with the nitrogen at the number two carbon, in contrast to INDOLES which have the nitrogen adjacent to the six-membered ring.
Indoles
Benzopyrroles with the nitrogen at the number one carbon adjacent to the benzyl portion, in contrast to ISOINDOLES which have the nitrogen away from the six-membered ring.
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