Renal vitamin D receptor expression and vitamin D renoprotection.
Summary of "Renal vitamin D receptor expression and vitamin D renoprotection."
Therapy to enhance the renoprotective actions of vitamin D receptor (VDR) activation should safely overcome the distinct VDR content along the nephron to effectively control renal calcium reabsorption, control renal klotho levels for the phosphaturic actions of FGF23, and inhibit proteinuria and the activation of the renin-angiotensin system.
Affiliation
Division of Experimental Nephrology, Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research, Lleida School of Medicine, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: Kidney international
ISSN: 1523-1755
Pages: 937-9
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22543902
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ki.2012.30
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Vitamin K
A lipid cofactor that is required for normal blood clotting. Several forms of vitamin K have been identified: VITAMIN K 1 (phytomenadione) derived from plants, VITAMIN K 2 (menaquinone) from bacteria, and synthetic naphthoquinone provitamins, VITAMIN K 3 (menadione). Vitamin K 3 provitamins, after being alkylated in vivo, exhibit the antifibrinolytic activity of vitamin K. Green leafy vegetables, liver, cheese, butter, and egg yolk are good sources of vitamin K.
Vitamin D Response Element
A DNA sequence that is found in the promoter region of vitamin D regulated genes. Vitamin D receptor (RECEPTOR, CALCITRIOL) binds to and regulates the activity of genes containing this element.
Vitamin D Deficiency
A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of VITAMIN D in the diet, insufficient production of vitamin D in the skin, inadequate absorption of vitamin D from the diet, or abnormal conversion of vitamin D to its bioactive metabolites. It is manifested clinically as RICKETS in children and OSTEOMALACIA in adults. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1406)
Vitamin K 1
A family of phylloquinones that contains a ring of 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone and an isoprenoid side chain. Members of this group of vitamin K 1 have only one double bond on the proximal isoprene unit. Rich sources of vitamin K 1 include green plants, algae, and photosynthetic bacteria. Vitamin K1 has antihemorrhagic and prothrombogenic activity.
Vitamin E Deficiency
A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of VITAMIN E in the diet, characterized by posterior column and spinocerebellar tract abnormalities, areflexia, ophthalmoplegia, and disturbances of gait, proprioception, and vibration. In premature infants vitamin E deficiency is associated with hemolytic anemia, thrombocytosis, edema, intraventricular hemorrhage, and increasing risk of retrolental fibroplasia and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. An apparent inborn error of vitamin E metabolism, named familial isolated vitamin E deficiency, has recently been identified. (Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1181)
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