Innate immunity to influenza in chronic airways diseases.
Summary of "Innate immunity to influenza in chronic airways diseases."
Influenza presents a unique human infectious disease that has a substantial impact on the public health in general, and especially for those with chronic airways diseases. People with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are particularly vulnerable to influenza infection and experience more severe symptoms with the worsening of their pre-existing conditions. Recent advances in reverse genetics and innate immunity has revealed several influenza virulence factors and host factors involved in influenza pathogenesis and the immune responses to infection. Early innate immunity plays a critical role of limiting viral infection and spread, however the underlying mechanisms that lead to enhanced susceptibility to influenza infection and severe symptoms in those with asthma and COPD to infection remain un-investigated. This review will explore the importance of early innate antiviral responses to influenza infection, and how these responses are altered by influenza virus and in those with chronic airways diseases. © 2012 The Authors. Respirology © 2012 Asian Pacific Society of Respirology.
Affiliation
Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Disease, The University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Australia.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: Respirology (Carlton, Vic.)
ISSN: 1440-1843
Pages:
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22616906
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1843.2012.02200.x
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Elafin
A secretory proteinase inhibitory protein that was initially purified from human SKIN. It is found in a variety mucosal secretions and is present at high levels in SPUTUM. Elafin may play a role in the innate immunity (IMMUNITY, INNATE) response of the LUNG.
Proteinase Inhibitory Proteins, Secretory
Peptides and proteins found in BODILY SECRETIONS and BODY FLUIDS that are PROTEASE INHIBITORS. They play a role in INFLAMMATION, tissue repair and innate immunity (IMMUNITY, INNATE) by inhibiting endogenous proteinases such as those produced by LEUKOCYTES and exogenous proteases such as those produced by invading microorganisms.
Influenza B Virus
Species of the genus INFLUENZAVIRUS B that cause HUMAN INFLUENZA and other diseases primarily in humans. Antigenic variation is less extensive than in type A viruses (INFLUENZA A VIRUS) and consequently there is no basis for distinct subtypes or variants. Epidemics are less likely than with INFLUENZA A VIRUS and there have been no pandemics. Previously only found in humans, Influenza B virus has been isolated from seals which may constitute the animal reservoir from which humans are exposed.
Nod Signaling Adaptor Proteins
Cytosolic signaling adaptor proteins that were initially discovered by their role in the innate immunity (IMMUNITY, INNATE) response of organisms that lack an adaptive immune system. This class of proteins contains three domains, a C-terminal ligand recognition domain, an N-terminal effector-binding domain, and a centrally located nuclear-binding oligomerization domain. Many members of this class contain a C-terminal leucine rich domain which binds to PEPTIDOGLYCAN on the surface of BACTERIA and plays a role in pathogen resistance.
Lung Diseases, Obstructive
Any disorder marked by obstruction of conducting airways of the lung. AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION may be acute, chronic, intermittent, or persistent.
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