Is clonidine an adequate alternative to epinephrine as a vasoconstrictor in patients with hypertension?
Summary of "Is clonidine an adequate alternative to epinephrine as a vasoconstrictor in patients with hypertension?"
It would appear that clonidine has few advantages compared with adrenaline in local anaesthetic solutions.
Affiliation
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: British dental journal
ISSN: 1476-5373
Pages: 491
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22627229
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.2012.439
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Angiotensin Ii
An octapeptide that is a potent but labile vasoconstrictor. It is produced from angiotensin I after the removal of two amino acids at the C-terminal by ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME. The amino acid in position 5 varies in different species. To block VASOCONSTRICTION and HYPERTENSION effect of angiotensin II, patients are often treated with ACE INHIBITORS or with ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKERS.
Phentolamine
A nonselective alpha-adrenergic antagonist. It is used in the treatment of hypertension and hypertensive emergencies, pheochromocytoma, vasospasm of RAYNAUD DISEASE and frostbite, clonidine withdrawal syndrome, impotence, and peripheral vascular disease.
Metanephrine
Product of epinephrine O-methylation. It is a commonly occurring, pharmacologically and physiologically inactive metabolite of epinephrine.
Clonidine
An alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that crosses the blood-brain barrier. Clonidine acts centrally by reducing sympathetic tone, resulting in a fall in diastolic and systolic blood pressure and a reduction in heart rate. It also acts peripherally, and this peripheral activity may be responsible for the transient increase in blood pressure seen during rapid intravenous administration. (From Martindale, the Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p350)
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome
A syndrome characterized by the clinical triad of advanced chronic liver disease, pulmonary vascular dilatations, and reduced arterial oxygenation (HYPOXEMIA) in the absence of intrinsic cardiopulmonary disease. This syndrome is common in the patients with LIVER CIRRHOSIS or portal hypertension (HYPERTENSION, PORTAL).
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