Automated Parallel Freeze-Evacuate-Thaw Degassing Method for Oxygen-Sensitive Reactions: RAFT Polymerization.
Summary of "Automated Parallel Freeze-Evacuate-Thaw Degassing Method for Oxygen-Sensitive Reactions: RAFT Polymerization."
An automated and parallel freeze-evacuate-thaw degassing method in a commercially available synthesizer is disclosed and tested for its applicability to reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. The effectiveness of this method to eliminate oxygen in polymerization reactions is demonstrated by directly comparing it against experiments performed using conventional laboratory techniques. Apart from the demonstrated accuracy, the proposed method has also shown significant precision when performing RAFT polymerizations. The reported experimental technique can be easily adapted to other chemical systems where the removal of oxygen is mandatory. This new high-throughput method has the potential to significantly increase the productivity and/or research outcomes in laboratories where oxygen-sensitive reactions are carried out.
Affiliation
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: ACS combinatorial science
ISSN: 2156-8944
Pages:
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22709484
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/co300044w
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Freeze Substitution
A modification of the freeze-drying method in which the ice within the frozen tissue is replaced by alcohol or other solvent at a very low temperature.
Freeze Etching
A replica technique in which cells are frozen to a very low temperature and cracked with a knife blade to expose the interior surfaces of the cells or cell membranes. The cracked cell surfaces are then freeze-dried to expose their constituents. The surfaces are now ready for shadowing to be viewed using an electron microscope. This method differs from freeze-fracturing in that no cryoprotectant is used and, thus, allows for the sublimation of water during the freeze-drying process to etch the surfaces.
Freeze Drying
Method of tissue preparation in which the tissue specimen is frozen and then dehydrated at low temperature in a high vacuum. This method is also used for dehydrating pharmaceutical and food products.
Biometric Identification
A method of differentiating individuals based on the analysis of qualitative or quantitative biological traits or patterns. This process which has applications in forensics and identity theft prevention includes DNA profiles or DNA fingerprints, hand fingerprints, automated facial recognition, iris scan, hand geometry, retinal scan, vascular patterns, automated voice pattern recognition, and ultrasound of fingers.
Cathartics
Agents that are used to evacuate the bowels to eliminate ingested NOXAE or to prepare for COLONOSCOPY.
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