Chitosan-based delivery systems for mucosal vaccines.
Summary of "Chitosan-based delivery systems for mucosal vaccines."
Introduction: Mucosal vaccine development faces several challenges and opportunities. Critical issues for effective mucosal vaccination include the antigen-retention period that enables interaction with the lymphatic system, choice of adjuvant that is nontoxic and induces the required immune response and possibly an ability to mimic mucosal pathogens. Chitosan-based delivery systems are reviewed here as they address these issues and hence represent the most promising candidates for the delivery of mucosal vaccines. Areas covered: A comprehensive literature search was conducted, to locate relevant studies published within the last 5 years. Mucosal delivery via nasal and oral routes is evaluated with respect to chitosan type, dosage forms, co-adjuvanting with novel adjuvants and modulation of the immune system. Expert opinion: It is concluded that chitosan derivatives offer advantageous opportunities such as nanoparticle and surface charge manipulation that facilitate vaccine targeting. Nevertheless, these technologies represent a longer-term goal. By contrast, chitosan (unmodified form) with or without a co-adjuvant has significant toxicology and human data to support safe mucosal administration, and thus has the potential for earlier product introduction into the market.
Affiliation
Archimedes Development Ltd, Albert Einstein Centre, Nottingham Science & Technology Park , University Boulevard, Nottingham , UK +0115 9078 700 ; +0115 9078 701 ; alansmith@archimedespharma.com.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: Expert opinion on drug delivery
ISSN: 1744-7593
Pages:
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22708875
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/17425247.2012.697455
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Vaccines, Virosome
Vaccines using VIROSOMES as the antigen delivery system that stimulates the desired immune response.
Drug Delivery Systems
Systems for the delivery of drugs to target sites of pharmacological actions. Technologies employed include those concerning drug preparation, route of administration, site targeting, metabolism, and toxicity.
Insulin Infusion Systems
Portable or implantable devices for infusion of insulin. Includes open-loop systems which may be patient-operated or controlled by a pre-set program and are designed for constant delivery of small quantities of insulin, increased during food ingestion, and closed-loop systems which deliver quantities of insulin automatically based on an electronic glucose sensor.
Vaccines, Edible
Vaccines or candidate vaccines derived from edible plants. Transgenic plants (PLANTS, TRANSGENIC) are used as recombinant protein production systems and the edible plant tissue functions as an oral vaccine.
Herpes Simplex Virus Vaccines
Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with viruses from the genus SIMPLEXVIRUS. This includes vaccines for HSV-1 and HSV-2.
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