A case-crossover study of infectious diseases and new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes.
Summary of "A case-crossover study of infectious diseases and new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes."
BACKGROUND:
Infectious diseases have been associated with increased risk of type 1 diabetes (T1D). The objective of this case-crossover was to quantify the role of infectious diseases as triggers for T1D, 1 and 2 yr preceding disease diagnosis.
METHODS:
All children aged 2-18 yr diagnosed with T1D between 2004 and 2009 among a two million member Israeli healthcare organization were identified (n = 368). For each patient, visits to physicians with symptomatic infectious diseases during 1 and 2 yr before T1D diagnosis were collected and compared. A similar analysis was conducted in a population of non-diabetic members matched on exact date of birth, sex and socioeconomic status (n = 307).
RESULTS:
The rate of systemic viral infections was significantly higher in the year before T1D onset, as compared to the prior year [27 vs. 7%, respectively, odds ratio (OR) = 4.7, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 2.9-8.2]. This difference was most significant among patients diagnosed with T1D at the age of 2 to 6 (5 vs. 46%, respectively, OR = 27.0, 95%
CI:
4.5-1105.4). Among non-T1D patients of the same age group, no difference was found in the proportion of patients with viral diseases 1 and 2 yr prior to T1D diagnosis (44 vs. 49%, respectively, OR = 0.8, 95%
CI:
0.4-1.6). This unique association was limited only to viral diseases and to patients diagnosed with T1D at young age.
CONCLUSIONS:
Our results indicate that T1D occurring in toddlers is characterized with a relatively low incidence of viral disease 2 yr prior to diagnosis and a much higher incidence in the subsequent year.
Affiliation
Medical Division, Maccabi Healthcare Services, Tel Aviv, 68125, Israel.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: Pediatric diabetes
ISSN: 1399-5448
Pages:
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22765293
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-5448.2012.00886.x
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Infectious Disease Medicine
A branch of internal medicine concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of INFECTIOUS DISEASES.
Prediabetic State
The time period before the development of symptomatic diabetes. For example, certain risk factors can be observed in subjects who subsequently develop INSULIN RESISTANCE as in type 2 diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2).
Foodborne Diseases
Acute illnesses, usually affecting the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT, brought on by consuming contaminated food or beverages. Most of these diseases are infectious, caused by a variety of bacteria, viruses, or parasites that can be foodborne. Sometimes the diseases are caused by harmful toxins from the microbes or other chemicals present in the food. Especially in the latter case, the condition is often called food poisoning.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY.
National Institute Of Diabetes And Digestive And Kidney Diseases...
Component of the NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH. It conducts and supports basic and applied research for a national program in diabetes, endocrinology, and metabolic diseases; digestive diseases and nutrition; and kidney, urologic, and hematologic diseases. It was established in 1948.
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