Cholinesterase inhibitors: a patent review (2007 - 2011).
Summary of "Cholinesterase inhibitors: a patent review (2007 - 2011)."
Introduction: Cholinesterase inhibitors participate in the maintenance of the levels of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine by inhibiting the enzymes implicated in its degradation, namely, butyrylcholinesterase and acetylcholinesterase. This pharmacological action has an important role in several diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's. Areas covered: This article reviews recent advances in the development of cholinesterase enzyme inhibitors, covering the development of new chemical entities, new pharmaceutical formulations with known inhibitors or treatments in combination with other drug families. Expert opinion: The development of cholinesterase inhibitors has to face several issues, including the fact that the principal indication for these drugs, Alzheimer's disease, is not currently believed to derivate from a cholinergic deficiency, although most of the drugs clinically used for these disease are cholinesterase inhibitors. Moreover, the adverse effects found when administering cholinesterase inhibitors limit their use in other diseases, such as gastrointestinal diseases, glaucoma, or analgesia.
Affiliation
Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa , C/Diego de León, 62, 28006 Madrid , Spain ; and Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad de Medi
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: Expert opinion on therapeutic patents
ISSN: 1744-7674
Pages:
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22764681
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/13543776.2012.701619
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Cholinesterase Inhibitors
Drugs that inhibit cholinesterases. The neurotransmitter ACETYLCHOLINE is rapidly hydrolyzed, and thereby inactivated, by cholinesterases. When cholinesterases are inhibited, the action of endogenously released acetylcholine at cholinergic synapses is potentiated. Cholinesterase inhibitors are widely used clinically for their potentiation of cholinergic inputs to the gastrointestinal tract and urinary bladder, the eye, and skeletal muscles; they are also used for their effects on the heart and the central nervous system.
Concurrent Review
Review of the medical necessity of hospital or other health facility admissions, upon or within a short time following an admission, and periodic review of services provided during the course of treatment.
Huperzia
A plant genus of the family LYCOPODIACEAE. Members contain huperzine, one of the CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS.
Persistent Fetal Circulation Syndrome
A syndrome of persistent PULMONARY HYPERTENSION in the newborn infant (INFANT, NEWBORN) without demonstrable HEART DISEASES. This neonatal condition can be caused by severe pulmonary vasoconstriction (reactive type), hypertrophy of pulmonary arterial muscle (hypertrophic type), or abnormally developed pulmonary arterioles (hypoplastic type). The newborn patient exhibits CYANOSIS and ACIDOSIS due to the persistence of fetal circulatory pattern of right-to-left shunting of blood through a patent ductus arteriosus (DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS, PATENT) and at times a patent foramen ovale (FORAMEN OVALE, PATENT).
Drug Utilization Review
Formal programs for assessing drug prescription against some standard. Drug utilization review may consider clinical appropriateness, cost effectiveness, and, in some cases, outcomes. Review is usually retrospective, but some analysis may be done before drugs are dispensed (as in computer systems which advise physicians when prescriptions are entered). Drug utilization review is mandated for Medicaid programs beginning in 1993.
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