Recent Progress in Magnesium Research. Magnesium disorder and its clinical significance in chronic kidney disease.
Summary of "Recent Progress in Magnesium Research. Magnesium disorder and its clinical significance in chronic kidney disease."
Disturbance in mineral and bone metabolism is a common complication of chronic kidney disease (chronic kidney disease - mineral and bone disorder ; CKD-MBD) and closely related to morbidity and mortality. Because magnesium (Mg) is mainly excreted by kidney, Mg homeostasis is disturbed in CKD. Therefore Mg abnormalities in CKD may contribute to pathogenesis of CKD-MBD. The association of Mg with bone metabolism in general population has been demonstrated. There were reported an association with dietary Mg intake and bone mineral density (BMD) and an increased rate of bone loss with dietary Mg intake. In animal models, decreased bone formation, increased bone resorption, decreased bone mass, and increased skeletal fragility were reported in Mg deficiency. Although vascular calcification is frequently seen in CKD patients, contributing factors to vascular calcification are not fully clarified. Mg is considered "a natural calcium antagonist" , and Mg deficiency has been reported to be related to progression of atherosclerosis in several studies. In hemodialysis patients, lower Mg levels were also reported to be associated with increased atherosclerosis of the common carotid artery. Lower serum Mg levels were also found in hemodialysis patients with evidence of increasing arterial calcification. Several studies suggested that Mg plays an important role against the development of cardiovascular disease, infectious disease, and malignant neoplasia so that Mg may relate to mortality. In hemodialysis patients, we demonstrated that low serum Mg level was a predictor for increased mortality.
Affiliation
Shirasagi Clinic, Japan.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: Clinical calcium
ISSN: 0917-5857
Pages: 1243-9
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22846361
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/CliCa120812431249
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Magnesium Chloride
Magnesium chloride. An inorganic compound consisting of one magnesium and two chloride ions. The compound is used in medicine as a source of magnesium ions, which are essential for many cellular activities. It has also been used as a cathartic and in alloys.
Magnesium Oxide
Magnesium oxide (MgO). An inorganic compound that occurs in nature as the mineral periclase. In aqueous media combines quickly with water to form magnesium hydroxide. It is used as an antacid and mild laxative and has many nonmedicinal uses.
Magnesium Deficiency
A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of magnesium in the diet, characterized by anorexia, nausea, vomiting, lethargy, and weakness. Symptoms are paresthesias, muscle cramps, irritability, decreased attention span, and mental confusion, possibly requiring months to appear. Deficiency of body magnesium can exist even when serum values are normal. In addition, magnesium deficiency may be organ-selective, since certain tissues become deficient before others. (Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 12th ed, p1936)
Magnesium Compounds
Inorganic compounds that contain magnesium as an integral part of the molecule.
Magnesium Silicates
A generic term for a variety of compounds that contain silicon, oxygen, and magnesium, and may contain hydrogen. Examples include TALC and some kinds of ASBESTOS.
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