Naloxone prevents the rapid reacquisition but not acquisition of alcohol seeking.
Summary of "Naloxone prevents the rapid reacquisition but not acquisition of alcohol seeking."
Opioid receptors are involved in reinstatement of alcohol seeking, yet there are no reports of their role in reacquisition of an extinguished alcohol seeking response. Here we investigated the effects of the opioid antagonist naloxone on reacquisition and compared these effects with those on acquisition. Rats were trained, extinguished, then retrained to respond for alcoholic beer. Upon retraining, a second group of rats with no prior experience with the contingency between response and reinforcer was trained under the same conditions. Reacquisition was faster than acquisition. Systemic injection of naloxone (1.25 or 5 mg/kg) reduced reacquisition but had no effect on acquisition. These results suggest that reacquisition and acquisition of alcohol seeking have dissociable neurochemical substrates. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved).
Affiliation
School of Psychology.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: Behavioral neuroscience
ISSN: 1939-0084
Pages: 599-604
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22845708
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0029079
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Naltrexone
Derivative of noroxymorphone that is the N-cyclopropylmethyl congener of NALOXONE. It is a narcotic antagonist that is effective orally, longer lasting and more potent than naloxone, and has been proposed for the treatment of heroin addiction. The FDA has approved naltrexone for the treatment of alcohol dependence.
Levallorphan
An opioid antagonist with properties similar to those of NALOXONE; in addition it also possesses some agonist properties. It should be used cautiously; levallorphan reverses severe opioid-induced respiratory depression but may exacerbate respiratory depression such as that induced by alcohol or other non-opioid central depressants. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p683)
Alcohol Deterrents
Substances interfering with the metabolism of ethyl alcohol, causing unpleasant side effects thought to discourage the drinking of alcoholic beverages. Alcohol deterrents are used in the treatment of alcoholism.
Ventricular Fibrillation
A potentially lethal cardiac arrhythmia that is characterized by uncoordinated extremely rapid firing of electrical impulses (400-600/min) in HEART VENTRICLES. Such asynchronous ventricular quivering or fibrillation prevents any effective cardiac output and results in unconsciousness (SYNCOPE). It is one of the major electrocardiographic patterns seen with CARDIAC ARREST.
Phospholipid Ethers
Phospholipids which have an alcohol moiety in ethereal linkage with a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic alcohol. They are usually derivatives of phosphoglycerols or phosphatidates. The other two alcohol groups of the glycerol backbone are usually in ester linkage. These compounds are widely distributed in animal tissues.
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