Effects of preconceptional paternal drug exposure on birth outcomes: cohort study of 340,000 pregnancies using Norwegian population-based databases.
Summary of "Effects of preconceptional paternal drug exposure on birth outcomes: cohort study of 340,000 pregnancies using Norwegian population-based databases."
AIMS:
We aimed to explore associations between drugs dispensed to the father prior to conception and pregnancy outcomes such as preterm birth, perinatal mortality, foetal growth retardation and birth defects.
METHODS:
In this cohort study, two population-based registries, the Medical Birth Registry of Norway and the Norwegian Prescription Database, were linked. The study cohort consisted of 340,000 pregnancies in 2004-10. The association between specific drugs dispensed to the fathers during the last three months prior to conception and pregnancy outcomes were explored by estimating odds ratios (ORs) using multivariate logistic regression.
RESULTS:
About one quarter (26%) of the fathers were dispensed at least one drug during the last three months prior to conception, and 1.3% were dispensed at least one drug requiring special attention. Overall, the odds of different adverse pregnancy outcomes were not increased when the father had been dispensed drugs, i.e. the OR and confidence intervals (CIs) for any birth defect when the fathers had been dispensed any drug were 0.99 (0.94-1.0). When the fathers had been dispensed diazepam we found increased risk of perinatal mortality and growth retardation, with OR and CIs of 2.2 (1.2-3.9) and 1.4 (1.2-1.6), respectively.
CONCLUSIONS:
Large studies are necessary to reveal increased risk of rare outcomes as specific birth defects. Our study did not indicate that paternal drug exposure is an important risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Affiliation
Department of Pharmacoepidemiology, Division of Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway; Department of Public Health and Primary Health Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: British journal of clinical pharmacology
ISSN: 1365-2125
Pages:
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22897396
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2125.2012.04426.x
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Cohort Effect
Variation in health status arising from different causal factors to which each birth cohort in a population is exposed as environment and society change.
Paternal Exposure
Exposure of the male parent, human or animal, to potentially harmful chemical, physical, or biological agents in the environment or to environmental factors that may include ionizing radiation, pathogenic organisms, or toxic chemicals that may affect offspring.
Odds Ratio
The ratio of two odds. The exposure-odds ratio for case control data is the ratio of the odds in favor of exposure among cases to the odds in favor of exposure among noncases. The disease-odds ratio for a cohort or cross section is the ratio of the odds in favor of disease among the exposed to the odds in favor of disease among the unexposed. The prevalence-odds ratio refers to an odds ratio derived cross-sectionally from studies of prevalent cases.
Drug Resistance
Diminished or failed response of an organism, disease or tissue to the intended effectiveness of a chemical or drug. It should be differentiated from DRUG TOLERANCE which is the progressive diminution of the susceptibility of a human or animal to the effects of a drug, as a result of continued administration.
Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
The consequences of exposing the FETUS in utero to certain factors, such as NUTRITION PHYSIOLOGICAL PHENOMENA; PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS; DRUGS; RADIATION; and other physical or chemical factors. These consequences are observed later in the offspring after BIRTH.
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