Sensory neuropathies, from symptoms to treatment.
Summary of "Sensory neuropathies, from symptoms to treatment."
PURPOSE OF
REVIEW:
The present review focuses on recent developments in diagnosis and treatment of sensory neuropathies. It does not seek to establish a comprehensive classification of sensory neuropathies, nor treatment guidelines per se. RECENT
FINDINGS:
Diagnostic criteria and guidelines have been developed for distal symmetric polyneuropathies, small fiber sensory neuropathies and sensory neuronopathies. Novel diagnostic tools such as skin biopsies now allow diagnosis of small fiber sensory neuropathies. Genetic testing has defined new subtypes of mitochondrial neuropathies and inherited neuropathies with sensory involvement. Intravenous immunoglobulin and tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors show promise for some dysimmune sensory neuropathies or neuronopathies. Additional options for management of neuropathic pain are emerging.
SUMMARY:
Diagnostic methods for both acquired and hereditary sensory neuropathies have progressed in recent years, leading to earlier and more specific diagnoses and a better understanding of disease mechanisms. Much progress remains to be made regarding symptomatic and disease-modifying therapy for a range of sensory neuropathies, including those due to diabetes, HIV infection and from dysimmune or hereditary causes.
Affiliation
aDepartment of Neurology, Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada bDepartment of Neurology and Pathology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: Current opinion in neurology
ISSN: 1473-6551
Pages:
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20689428
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/WCO.0b013e32833c7a19
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Slit Ventricle Syndrome
An intermittent and self-limiting headache disorder in individuals with CEREBROSPINAL FLUID SHUNTS emplaced for the treatment of HYDROCEPHALUS. The symptoms of headache, vomiting, and cranial neuropathies are associated with intermittent obstruction of the shunt.
Hereditary Sensory And Autonomic Neuropathies
A group of inherited disorders characterized by degeneration of dorsal root and autonomic ganglion cells, and clinically by loss of sensation and autonomic dysfunction. There are five subtypes. Type I features autosomal dominant inheritance and distal sensory involvement. Type II is characterized by autosomal inheritance and distal and proximal sensory loss. Type III is DYSAUTONOMIA, FAMILIAL. Type IV features insensitivity to pain, heat intolerance, and mental deficiency. Type V is characterized by a selective loss of pain with intact light touch and vibratory sensation. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1995, Ch51, pp142-4)
Amyloid Neuropathies, Familial
Inherited disorders of the peripheral nervous system associated with the deposition of AMYLOID in nerve tissue. The different clinical types based on symptoms correspond to the presence of a variety of mutations in several different proteins including transthyretin (PREALBUMIN); APOLIPOPROTEIN A-I; and GELSOLIN.
Early Growth Response Protein 2
An early growth response transcription factor that controls the formation of the MYELIN SHEATH around peripheral AXONS by SCHWANN CELLS. Mutations in EGR2 transcription factor have been associated with HEREDITARY MOTOR AND SENSORY NEUROPATHIES such as CHARCOT-MARIE-TOOTH DISEASE.
Amyloid Neuropathies
Disorders of the peripheral nervous system associated with the deposition of AMYLOID in nerve tissue. Familial, primary (nonfamilial), and secondary forms have been described. Some familial subtypes demonstrate an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. Clinical manifestations include sensory loss, mild weakness, autonomic dysfunction, and CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1349)
PubMed Articles
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