Population-based prevalence of uveitis in Southern India.
Summary of "Population-based prevalence of uveitis in Southern India."
Purpose To estimate the prevalence of uveitis in rural Tamil Nadu, India. Methods Cluster sampling identified a population-based sample of 5150 persons ages 40 years and older, representative of three districts in Tamil Nadu, India. Each received a comprehensive dilated ocular examination by an ophthalmologist, and results were registered on forms requiring responses about the presence of ocular inflammatory signs and inflammatory diagnoses. Potential uveitis cases were confirmed by consensus of two uveitis specialists, upon review of study and medical records. Crude prevalence rates and prevalence rates age-adjusted to reflect the 2001 Tamil Nadu census population were calculated. Results Crude and age-adjusted prevalence rates for endogenous uveitis were 310/100 000 and 317/100 000. The corresponding rates for all ocular inflammation were 450 and 467/100 000. Males tended to have a greater prevalence than females in this population, and older persons tended to have higher prevalence than younger persons. The majority of cases of posterior uveitis and infectious endophthalmitis were visually compromised, but few among the cases of other forms of ocular inflammation were visually impaired. Conclusions The results suggest that nearly one in 200 persons in rural, South India has been affected by ocular inflammation in at least one eye by mid to late adulthood, about one in 330 if cases related to surgery or trauma are not included. Postsurgical endophthalmitis and posterior uveitis were associated with a high rate of vision loss. These results indicate that uveitis is an important cause of ocular morbidity and of vision loss in this population.
Affiliation
Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: The British journal of ophthalmology
ISSN: 1468-2079
Pages:
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20693551
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjo.2010.182311
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Incidence
The number of new cases of a given disease during a given period in a specified population. It also is used for the rate at which new events occur in a defined population. It is differentiated from PREVALENCE, which refers to all cases, new or old, in the population at a given time.
Endemic Diseases
The constant presence of diseases or infectious agents within a given geographic area or population group. It may also refer to the usual prevalence of a given disease with such area or group. It includes holoendemic and hyperendemic diseases. A holoendemic disease is one for which a high prevalent level of infection begins early in life and affects most of the child population, leading to a state of equilibrium such that the adult population shows evidence of the disease much less commonly than do children (malaria in many communities is a holoendemic disease). A hyperendemic disease is one that is constantly present at a high incidence and/or prevalence rate and affects all groups equally. (Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 3d ed, p53, 78, 80)
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Prevalence
The total number of cases of a given disease in a specified population at a designated time. It is differentiated from INCIDENCE, which refers to the number of new cases in the population at a given time.
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