The ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potential to air-conducted sound; probable superior vestibular nerve origin.
Summary of "The ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potential to air-conducted sound; probable superior vestibular nerve origin."
OBJECTIVE:
Intense air-conducted sound (ACS) elicits an ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP), and it has been suggested that it does so by stimulating saccular receptors and afferents in the inferior vestibular nerve and so activating a crossed sacculo-ocular pathway. Bone conducted vibration (BCV) also elicits an oVEMP probably by activating utricular receptors and a crossed utriculo-ocular pathway. Are there two separate pathways mediating oVEMPs for ACS and BCV? If saccular receptors and afferents are primarily responsible for the oVEMP to ACS, then the oVEMP to ACS should be normal in patients with reduced or absent utricular function - unilateral superior vestibular neuritis (SVN). If utricular receptors and afferents are primarily responsible for oVEMP n10, then oVEMP to ACS should be reduced or absent in SVN patients, and in these patients there should be a close relationship between the size of the oVEMP n10 to BCV and to ACS.
METHODS:
The n10 component of the oVEMP to 500Hz BCV and to 500Hz ACS was recorded in 10 patients with unilateral SVN but who had saccular and inferior vestibular nerve function preserved, as shown by their normal cVEMP responses to ACS.
RESULTS:
In SVN patients with normal saccular and inferior vestibular nerve function, the oVEMP n10 in response to ACS was reduced or absent. Across SVN patients there was a very close correspondence between the size of oVEMP n10 for ACS and for BCV.
CONCLUSIONS:
The n10 component of the oVEMP to ACS is probably mediated predominantly by the superior vestibular nerve and so most likely by utricular receptors and afferents.
SIGNIFICANCE:
The n10 component of the oVEMP to either ACS or BCV probably indicates mainly superior vestibular nerve function.
Affiliation
Vestibular Research Laboratory, School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology
ISSN: 1872-8952
Pages:
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20709596
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2010.07.018
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials
Recorded electrical responses from muscles, especially the neck muscles or muscles around the eyes, following stimulation of the EAR VESTIBULE.
Evoked Potentials
The recorded electrical responses from nerve, muscle, SENSORY RECEPTOR, or area of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM following stimulation. They range from less than a microvolt to several microvolts. The evoked potential can be auditory (EVOKED POTENTIALS, AUDITORY), somatosensory (EVOKED POTENTIALS, SOMATOSENSORY), visual (EVOKED POTENTIALS, VISUAL), or motor (EVOKED POTENTIALS, MOTOR), or other modalities that have been reported. Often used synonymously to event-related potentials which are associated with higher level cognitive processes.
Audiometry, Evoked Response
A form of electrophysiologic audiometry in which an analog computer is included in the circuit to average out ongoing or spontaneous brain wave activity. A characteristic pattern of response to a sound stimulus may then become evident. Evoked response audiometry is known also as electric response audiometry.
Vestibular Nerve
The vestibular part of the 8th cranial nerve (VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVE). The vestibular nerve fibers arise from neurons of Scarpa's ganglion and project peripherally to vestibular hair cells and centrally to the VESTIBULAR NUCLEI of the BRAIN STEM. These fibers mediate the sense of balance and head position.
Ear
The hearing and equilibrium system of the body. It consists of three parts: the EXTERNAL EAR, the MIDDLE EAR, and the INNER EAR. Sound waves are transmitted through this organ where vibration is transduced to nerve signals that pass through the ACOUSTIC NERVE to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. The inner ear also contains the vestibular organ that maintains equilibrium by transducing signals to the VESTIBULAR NERVE.
PubMed Articles
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