Reconstructing neural circuits using transplanted neural stem cells in the injured spinal cord.
Summary of "Reconstructing neural circuits using transplanted neural stem cells in the injured spinal cord."
Traumatic spinal cord injury is one of the most common causes of disability in young adults. Restoring independent ambulation in such patients is considered one of the biggest challenges in regenerative medicine because repair of spinal cord injury involves the complex processes of axonal regeneration, remyelination, and formation of new synaptic connections. In this issue of the JCI, Abematsu et al. report their attempts to rise to this challenge, showing in a mouse model of severe spinal cord injury that spinal neuronal circuits can be restored by neural stem cell transplantation, leading to impressive functional recovery in the hind limbs.
Affiliation
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: The Journal of clinical investigation
ISSN: 1558-8238
Pages:
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20714103
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/JCI43575
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Neural Stem Cells
Self-renewing cells that generate the main phenotypes of the nervous system in both the embryo and adult. Neural stem cells are precursors to both NEURONS and NEUROGLIA.
Neurulation
An early embryonic developmental process of CHORDATES that is characterized by morphogenic movements of ECTODERM resulting in the formation of the NEURAL PLATE; the NEURAL CREST; and the NEURAL TUBE. Improper closure of the NEURAL GROOVE results in congenital NEURAL TUBE DEFECTS.
Apud Cells
Cells with the capacity to take up and decarboxylate the amine precursors DIHYDROXYPHENYLALANINE or 5-HYDROXYTRYPTOPHAN. This is a property of endocrine cells of neural and non-neural origin. APUDOMA is a general term collectively applied to tumors associated with APUD cells.
Neural Crest
The two longitudinal ridges along the PRIMITIVE STREAK appearing near the end of GASTRULATION during development of nervous system (NEURULATION). The ridges are formed by folding of NEURAL PLATE. Between the ridges is a neural groove which deepens as the fold become elevated. When the folds meet at midline, the groove becomes a closed tube, the NEURAL TUBE.
Neural Tube
A tube of ectodermal tissue in an embryo that will give rise to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, including the SPINAL CORD and the BRAIN. Lumen within the neural tube is called neural canal which gives rise to the central canal of the spinal cord and the ventricles of the brain. For malformation of the neural tube, see NEURAL TUBE DEFECTS.
PubMed Articles
Change of Neural Stem Cells in the Choroid Plexuses of Developing Rat.
ABSTRACT Neural stem cells reside in various brain regions. However, neural stem cells in the choroid plexuses are poorly understood. This study was conducted to corroborate the hypotheses that there...
The body's capacity to restore damaged neural networks in the injured CNS is severely limited. Although various treatment regimens can partially alleviate spinal cord injury (SCI), the mechanisms resp...
Direct lineage conversion: induced neuronal cells and induced neural stem cells.
Cellular reprogramming to neural cells is an area of ongoing study in developmental neuroscience, and recent research has generated remarkable achievements. Several studies have shown that the ectopic...
Neural stem cells in the ischemic and injured brain: endogenous and transplanted.
Neural stem cells functions as the pool of new neurons in adult brain, and plays important roles in normal brain function. Additionally, this pool reacts to brain ischemia, hemorrhage, trauma and many...
Science in Suzhou: establishment and function of neural circuits.
The Cold Spring Harbour Asia conference on 'Assembly, Plasticity, Dysfunction and Repair of Neural Circuits' took place in Suzhou, China, in October 2011. Developmental, cell, molecular and systems ne...
Clinical Trials
PC-Based Rehabilitation of Auditory Function
Many older subjects experience difficulty in understanding speech in noisy environments. Part of this problem is related to changes that occur in the ear with age and compromise the hearin...
Pilot Investigation of Stem Cells in Stroke
The study is designed to test the safety of a manufactured neural stem cell line (CTX cells) delivered by injection into the damaged brains of male patients 60 years of age or over who rem...
For patients with 1-6 intraparenchymal brain metastases from various primary histologies (except for melanoma), stereotactic radiosurgery (administered upfront or concurrently) or complete...
Impulsivity, Neural Deficits and Cocaine Addiction
The purpose of this study is to assess neurocognitive and associated neural regions/circuitry disruptions relevant to impulsive relapse in cocaine-addicted subjects, and the relationship o...
Mechanisms of Neural Mobilization in the Treatment of Chronic Pain
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a manual therapy technique (neural mobilization) on measures of clinical pain and function, experimental pain sensitivity, and on t...
